Musings On Iraq Review Culture, History & Ideology in the Formation of Ba’thist Iraq, 1968-89
Musings On Iraq review Compulsion In Religion, Saddam Hussein, Islam, and the Roots of Insurgencies In Iraq
Musings On Iraq review Imagining The Nation, Nationalism, Sectarianism and Socio-Political Conflict in Iraq
Musings On Iraq review Saddam His Rise and Fall
Musings On Iraq Review Saddam Hussein’s Ba’th Party, Inside an Authoritarian Regime
1979
Jul 11 Pres Bakr resigned from the Revolutionary Command Council citing health Saddam
took over chairmanship of council
Jul 12 Saddam elected new president and head of Regional Command Council of the Baath
Party Izzat al-Dhuri elected new vice president
Jul 12 Revolutionary Command Council Secretary General Mashadi objected saying Bakr
should have been persuaded to stay in office Saddam would have him arrested
Jul 15 Saddam had Revolutionary Command Council Secretary General Mashadi arrested
and tortured Mashadi named Saddam opponents within Baath Party Those members later accused of a Syrian backed coup
Jul 16 Saddam’s election to presidency made public
Jul 16 Nouri al-Maliki fled Iraq after his membership in Dawa Party was discovered by govt
(Musings On Iraq The Life Of Nouri al-Maliki An Interview With Journalist Ned Parker)
Jul 17 Public celebrations held for Saddam’s election to presidency
Jul 17 Saddam called for Iraqi-Iranian friendship after Iranian Revolution
Jul 18 Saddam told Revolutionary Command Council Muhyi Hussin Mashadi and four
current and former ministers were involved in Syrian backed coup Were put on trial and sentenced to death Was meant to remove opponents to Saddam within Baath leadership
Jul 22 Televised session of Baath meeting Former Revolutionary Command Council
secretary general Mashadi claimed there was a Syrian backed coup with goal of uniting two countries after Iraqi leadership removed Names of 66 plotters read aloud as they were taken from the meeting Party members began praising Saddam Accused coup plotters included 5 of 21 from Revolutionary Command Council Former Oil Min Hadithi who helped nationalize Iraq Petroleum Company Another of the accused Adnan Hussein al-Hamdani deputy prime minister and head of president’s office who had been close aide to Saddam Court made up of 7 members of Revolutionary Command Council created to try coup plotters
Aug 1 22 coup plotters sentenced to death 33 others given prison time
Aug 8 5 members of Revolutionary Command Council expelled and coup plotters
executed by Baath party leaders Saddam led session
Aug 8 Saddam appeared on TV to explain coup plot
Aug 8 Assad protested and demanded to see evidence Syria behind coup plot Sent Foreign
Minister and chief of staff to Baghdad Rebuffed by Saddam Ended unity talks Helped lead Syria to align with Iran when Iran-Iraq War started Saddam had opposed unity fearing that it would sideline him and give more power to Bakr
Sep 3 At Non-Aligned Movement meeting Iraq and Iran agreed to end animosity between
them
Sep 24 Iraq warned Iran to not to interfere in Bahrain after Ayatollah Khomeini’s son
called on Shiites to rise up against their Sunni rulers
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Oct 30 Saddam brought up control of Shatt al-Arab with Iran
Oct 31 Saddam demanded end of Algiers Treaty Iran give up two border towns and give
autonomy to Iran’s Kurds and Arabs
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982)
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Nov 29 Iranian joint chiefs agreed to prepare for an Iraqi attack and planned to retaliate by
hitting Iraqi air bases
Dec 16 Iraq and France signed deal to buy 8 new Mirage fighters on top of 34 ordered in
1977
(Musings On Iraq review Iraqi Mirages, The Dassault Mirage Family In Service With The Iraqi Air Force, 1981-1988)
Dec 29 U.S. placed Iraq on list of State Sponsors of Terrorism for backing Palestinian
terrorist Abu Nidal and others
1980
Feb 8 Saddam proposed pan-Arab charter of non-aligned Arab states to oppose superpowers in
region and to unite against Iran Was response to Carter Doctrine that said US would use military force to stop any foreign countries trying to gain influence in Persian Gulf
Musings On Iraq review Saddam’s War, An Iraqi Military Perspective of the Iran-Iraq War
Feb 23 Start of major military operation against Kurds
(Musings On Iraq review of The Kurds, A Modern History)
(Musings On Iraq review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)
Mar 8 Iran withdrew its ambassador from Iraq Prelude to Iran-Iraq War
Mar 10 Iraq declared Iran’s ambassador persona non-grata as dispute built up leading
to Iran-Iraq War
Mar 15 Ayatollah Khomeini called on Iraqis to rise up against Saddam
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Mar 21 Ayatollah Khomeini’s son Ahmad said that Iran had to use all means necessary to
spread its revolution to other countries
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Mar 30 Baath made membership in Dawa punishable by death
(Musings On Iraq Interview with Lowy Institution’s Shanahan on history of the Dawa Party)
(Musings On Iraq review The Shi’ite Movement in Iraq)
Apr 1 Mustansiriya Univ in Baghdad bombed by Islamic Action Organization in attempt
on life of Deputy PM Tariq Aziz Iraq blamed Iran
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Apr 2 Saddam said those killed in attack on Mustansiriya Univ Baghdad bombing would
not be forgotten
Apr 4 Ayatollah Mohammed Baqir al-Sadr arrested in Najaf by Saddam
(Musings On Iraq review Muqtada, Muqtada Al-Sadr, The Shia Revival, And The Struggle For Iraq)
Apr 5 Saddam gave speech saying conflict with Iran was about Arabs vs Persians and
denounced Ayatollah Khomeini
Apr 5 Bomb hit funeral procession in Baghdad of Mustansiriya bombing victims Done
by Islamic Action Organization Iran again blamed
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Apr 6 Iraqi commandos fired rockets at Iranian oil field
Apr 7 Iran withdrew all its diplomatic personnel from Iraq
Apr 7 Iran put its military on full alert after accusing Iraq of repeated attacks upon
its border area
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Apr 7 Chamber of Commerce called 800 wealthy Shiite merchants to Baghdad Were put on
bus that took them to Iranian border to deport them Kicked out for Persian nationality
Apr 8 DIA said 50% chance Iraq would invade Iran Said Iraq thought Iranian military
weak and could easily be defeated
Apr 8 Ayatollah Khomeini broadcast speech calling on Iraq’s people to topple their govt
Apr 9 Ayatollah Mohammed Baqir al-Sadr and sister Bint al-Huda executed by Saddam
Came after bombing of Mustansiriya Univ and Ayatollah Khomeini’s call for Iraqis to overthrow Saddam
(Musings On Iraq review Muqtada, Muqtada Al-Sadr, The Shia Revival, And The Struggle For Iraq)
Apr 9 Saddam deported 9,700 Shiites claiming they were Iranians Later deported another
16,000
Apr 14 Natl Sec Adv Brzezinski said no differences between US and Iraqi interests and two
could work together
Apr 15 Iraqi opposition group attempted to assassinate Information Minister Latif
al-Jassim
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Apr 18 Khomeini said Baath at war with Islam and called on Iraqi army and people to
overthrow Saddam
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Apr 22 Khomeini revealed that Ayatollah Baqir al-Sadr had been executed and called for
overthrow of Saddam
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
(Musings On Iraq review Muqtada, Muqtada Al-Sadr, The Shia Revival, And The Struggle For Iraq)
Apr 23 Ayatollah Khomeini radio broadcast called for rank and file Iraqi soldiers to
overthrow Baath
Apr 27 Radio Tehran aired fake story that Saddam had been assassinated
Apr 30 By end of April around 20 Iraqi officials had been killed in bombings by
Shiite opposition parties
Apr 30 Arab Iranians seized Iranian embassy in London demanding sovereignty for
Khuzistan province Were trained and armed by Iraq
May 24 Iraq backed failed coup vs Khomeini in Iran
Jun 4 Iraqi Air Force bombed Iranian army base where KDP organizing peshmerga Iraq
felt Iran was going to start funding another Kurdish revolt Started retaliatory bombing campaign along border between Iraq and Iran
Jun 14 Mossad assassinated Egyptian nuclear scientist Yahya El Mashad in Paris who
Worked on Iraq’s nuclear program
Jun 20 Iraq held first parliamentary elections since end of monarchy in 1958 Baath won
187 seats Independents 63
Jun 30 Newly elected parliament took office Naim Haddad of Revolutionary Command
Council elected speaker
Jul 6 Saddam told Baath leadership he was going to invade Iran
Jul 9 Former Shah generals launched failed coup vs Khomeini Iraq blamed but wasn’t
involved
Jul 16 Saddam told chiefs of staff that he was going to invade Iran Saddam thought Iran
weak but didn’t think Iraq could fight a total war and reach Tehran Decided on limited war based upon seizing Shatt al-Arab waterway Saddam thought war would allow Iraq to assert its influence over Iran and deter Khomeini from exporting his revolution
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982)
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Jul 17 Iraqi govt took out ad in NY Times praising Saddam’s rule and comparing him to
Abbasid caliphate
Jul 18 CIA memo said that border clashes pointed to possible war between Iran and Iraq
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)
Aug 5 Saddam went to Saudi Arabia to discuss Iranian threat to region before invasion
Aug 16 Saddam told chiefs of staff that he was going to invade Iran Saddam thought
Iran weak but didn’t think Iraq could fight a total war and reach Tehran Decided on limited war based upon seizing Shatt al-Arab waterway Saddam thought war would allow Iraq to assert its influence over Iran and deter Khomeini from exporting his revolution
Aug 18 Iranian Navy cmdr gave orders In the event of war with Iraq to control all commercial
shipping traffic Ordered creation of Task Force 421 to command all naval ops during a war
Aug 26 After Saddam visited Khanaqin Diyala Iraqi army started shelling Iranian border
Was looking for excuse to justify invasion
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 2 Iraq-Iran border clash at Qasr-e-Shirin, Iran
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 2 Iranian intel finally able to convince a member of ruling clique that Iraqi invasion was
imminent Iranian leadership ordered implementation of pre-war plans
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq Naval War, Volume 1: Opening Blows September-November 1980)
Sep 4 Iran shelled Khanaqin and Mandali in Diyala and bombed two other towns
Saddam accused Iran of starting hostilities
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 4 Saddam ordered army to seize disputed areas with Iran Would take 201 sq miles of
territory including small islands in Shatt al-Arab Iraqis would lose 100 soldiers while Iran 50 Goal was to push Iranian military and artillery back to secure staging areas for invasion
Sep 6 Iran shelled more borders towns in Iraq from Zain al-Qas
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 6 Iraq threatened to seize Zain al-Qas area if Iran didn’t cede it in a week
Sep 6 Ayatollah Khomeini approved National Security Council authorizing Pres Banisadr to
activate the armed forces for coming Iraqi invasion
Sep 7 Saddam claimed full sovereignty over Shatt al-Arab waterway
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 7 Iraq officially protested to Iran about shelling border towns Seized Zain
Al-Qas in retaliation
Sep 7 5 Iraqi helicopters crossed over into Iran and 1 got shot down Iraqi army seized two
disputed border villages in Iran
Sep 8 Iraq demanded Iran surrender border towns that Iraq claimed
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 8 Iranian F-14 pilot killed by an Iraqi MiG-25 2 other F-14s shot down by an Iraqi MiG-21
and an Su-22 inside Iran
Sep 9 Iranian F-5 Tiger II jet shot down by an Iraqi MiG-21
Sep 10 Iraq took Saif Saad and 6 border posts in Iran along with 240 sq km of Iranian territory
that it claimed was Iraqi under Algiers Treaty Next 2 wks were 15 border incidents Was jumping off spot for Iraqi invasion
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 10 Iranian F-14 Tomcat shot down an Iraqi Su-22
Sep 11 Iraq sent protest letter to Iran saying border incidents violated international law
and if they continued situation could escalate quickly Iraq said it would defend itself
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 12 Iraq seized Qasr e-Shirin in Iran next to Diyala province and claimed it took 30
miles of disputed territory along Iranian border Bombed Kermanshah Iran southeast of Qasr e-Shirin to try to take out militia in that area
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 12 Iranian patrol boat sent up Shatt al-Arab to investigate border violation by Iraq Ambushed by Iraqi army Killed and wounded 5 Iranian sailors
Sep 13 In 2 days Iraq seized 5 border posts from Iran Tehran didn’t retaliate making
Saddam believe reports that Iran was weak after revolution true
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 14 Iran’s Chief of Staff of military said it no longer abided by 1975 Algiers
Agreement with Iraq over Shatt al-Arab border
Sep 14 Iran’s Pres Bani Sadr and PM Rajai flying in helicopter along Iran-Iraq border
were fired upon by an Iraqi MiG Iraq didn't know who was in the helicopter
Sep 15 Iran accused Iraq of attempting to shoot down helicopter with Iranian Pres Bani
Sadr and Premier Rajai on it
Sep 15 Iranian F-14 Tomcat shot down an Iraqi MiG
Sep 16 Revolutionary Command Council met to discuss border skirmishes with Iran
Saddam said Iran vulnerable and this was the time Iraq could seize control of Shatt al-Arab and disputed territories between the two Saddam said that Iran would not fight Iraq because it was afraid Saddam told advisers that he would order invasion of Iran in coming days
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 16 Ali Hassan al-Majid head of Mukhabarat only one of Saddam’s advisers to voice
concerns about going to war with Iran
Sep 17 Saddam called emergency session of parliament and announced 1975 Algiers
Treaty on border and Shatt al-Arab with Iran was voided Blamed Iran’s constant violations of Iraqi sovereignty for failure of 1975 treaty Said Shatt al-Arab needed to be Arab as it had been throughout history
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 17 Saddam gave TV speech Said Iran violated 1975 Algiers Treaty was backing
Kurds Refused to return Iraqi territory Saddam then abrogated the 1949 Treaty of Good Relations and 1975 Algiers Treaty Also claimed sovereignty over Shatt al-Arab waterway
Sep 17 Heavy fighting broke out between Iraqi and Iranian forces in Shatt al-Arab
Sep 18 Iran’s Foreign Minister rejected Iraq’s claim to Shatt al-Arab
Sep 18 Saddam sent Tariq Aziz to Arab countries to argue Iraq’s case to back it against
Iran
Sep 18 Iraqi artillery hit Iranian city of Abadan
Sep 18 2 Iranian F-5 Tiger IIs fired upon Iraqi troops along the Iran-Iraq border and were
shot down by Iraqi anti-aircraft fire
Sep 18 Iraq’s generals made final battle plans for invasion of Iran and set 9/22/80 as
invasion date
Sep 19 Iran began heavy shelling of Shatt al-Arab Iranian patrol boat ambushed by Iraqis 8
Iranian sailors killed Boat lost
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
Sep 20 Iran called up its military reserves
Sep 20 Iraq’s Def Min Khairallah went to Iran-Iraq border to give commanders orders for
Iran invasion
Sep 20 Iraqi navy seized buoy at mouth of Shatt al-Arab 2 Iranian helicopters sent to destroy
Iraqi ship 1 Iranian helicopter crashed
Sep 21 Iraq letter to UN outlined steps it took to try to work out outstanding issues with
new revolutionary govt in Iran
Sep 21 Iranian Task Force 421 created to command Iranian Navy and commercial shipping
during war with Iraq
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