This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 30

1915 UK committee wrote paper advocating for break up of Ottoman Empire and creation of Iraq to

control its oil and agriculture Cabinet didn’t agree

1930 Anglo-Iraq Treaty agreed on independence in Oct 1932 Allowed British to keep military in Iraq and

use Iraqi territory for 25 years

(Musings On Iraq book review Supremacy And Oil, Iraq, Turkey, and the Anglo-American World Order, 1918-1930)

1957 Ali Aiyubi became premier 3^rd time

1973 Police Chief Kazzar launched failed coup against Bakr Arrested Defense Minister Shihab and Interior

Minister Ghaydan Failed to assassinate Bakr and Saddam

1973 Police Chief Kazzar was captured trying to flee to Iran but not before he killed Def Min Shihab and

seriously wounded Inter Min Ghaydan

1980 Newly elected parliament took office Naim Haddad of Revolutionary Command Council elected

speaker 

1986 Iran started Op Karbala 1 to recapture Mehran, Iran from Iraq central front

1988 Iraq recaptured Mawet, Kurdistan from Iran

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

1991 Saddam created special committee headed by Tariq Aziz to conceal weapons programs from UN

inspectors

(Musings On Iraq article UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Saddam Tapes)

(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Report Sec 1.1 UK Iraq Strategy 1990 To 2000)

1993 Barzani and Talabani presented their differences to Kurdish parliament Was mostly about grievances

over taxes collected from trade with Iran and Turkey

2003 Def Sec Rumsfeld said no guerrilla war or organized resistance in Iraq

2003 Report IAEA had US British German experts look at aluminum tubes Iraq tried to buy All said they

were for rockets not centrifuges

2003 New Republic article quoted intel officials that Bush admin exaggerated Iraq aluminum tubes story

(Musings On Iraq article on the aluminum tubes story)

2003 UK Under Sec Def Tebbit wrote to Def Min Hoon on his trip to Iraq Said no integrated plan for

rebuilding Iraq Didn’t know whether US would give Bremer authority to manage task Said Bremer wanted UK help with police training

2007 Battle of Donkey Island US destroyed ISI force threatening Ramadi

2008 5 IEDs targeting judges in Baghdad

(Musings On Iraq article on attacks on judges)

2009 US withdrew forces from Iraqi cities

2009 Iraq auctioned eight oil and gas fields to international energy companies Rumaila only field

successfully auctioned Was considered a failure at first further hurting standing of Oil Min Shahristani that parliament was trying to remove

2014 ISIS killed Mohammed Khamis head of Ramadi Awakening Council

2017 People in Hilla Babil blocked Baghdad-Babil highway protesting lack of drinking water

View the Iraq History Timelines 

This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 29

1923 Mujtahids Isfahani and Nayini arrived in Karbala in protest march against deportation of cleric

Khalisi but only two other mujtahids joined them

1932 Assyrian leader Mar Shimun issued letter telling Assyrian Levies to stop resigning Not all listened

Over 400 still resigned

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Tragedy of the Assyrian Minority in Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq book review State and Society in Iraq)

1947 Baghdad hung four of Barzani’s lieutenants and arrested his brother Shekh Ahmed

1966 Baghdad-Kurdish deal called for recognition of Kurds in constitution and autonomy Never

implemented but stopped war

1966 Some 10,000 killed and 80,000 displaced during fighting between Kurds and govt from 1961-1966

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Kurds, A Modern History)

(Musings On Iraq book review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)

1982 Iraq claimed it had withdrawn all its troops from Iranian territory Iraq still held border areas between

Qasr e-Shriin and Fakkeh in center across from Diyala

1988 Iraq continued push into Mawat Valley Kurdistan and then towards Iranian border

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1992 Attempted coup by 4 officers in Republican Guard put down by Saddam 150 Republican Guard

officers executed and dismissed in aftermath

2003 Report Sec State Powell misrepresented recording of Republican Guard in Feb 03 UN speech to make

it seem like they were trying to hide WMD

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

2003 FmrAmb Wilson claimed it unlikely British intel didn’t receive CIA reporting that Iraq-Niger uranium

papers were fake Claimed he saw fake Iraq-Niger docs He didn’t Also had no knowledge of CIA-British intel sharing

(Musings On Iraq article on Iraq-Niger uranium story)

2003 1^st UN inspector chief Ekeus OpEd said Iraq’s strategic rational for WMD was Iran not the US or west

2003 Ekeus OpEd said Iraq learned from Iran-Iraq War its chemical weapons quickly deteriorated

2003 Ekeus OpEd Iraq changed its WMD policy after Gulf War to stop producing and focus upon design

and engineering

2003 Ekeus OpEd Iraq started just in time WMD program to work on infrastructure and then produce

chemical weapons right before war

2003 Ekeus OpEd said Iraq’s WMD threat was in its research know how and production facilities

2003 1^st UN weapons inspector Ekeus OpEd said letting Saddam stay in power with WMD know how was a

threat

2004 New PM Allawi announced Saddam and 11 others would face trial for their crimes under Saddam’s

govt

2006 VP Cheney stood by his claim that the insurgency was in its “last throes” in 2005 Said people would

look back at 2005 as a turning point in Iraq Said US underestimated the insurgency and damage Saddam’s rule did to Iraq

2006 US military said most captured foreign fighters in Iraq came from Egypt, Syria, Sudan, Saudi Arabia

in that order

(Musings On Iraq article on Saudi role in insurgency)

2007 Bush speech on Iraq at Naval War College mentioned Al Qaeda 27 times Said Al Qaed attacked US on

9/11 and was now in Iraq Part of White House media campaign to gain support for Surge US military press releases on Iraq mentioned Al Qaeda 33 times in a week

2007 Iraqi Accordance Front ministers boycotted cabinet Demanded investigation into Culture Min

2008 Maliki promised Jabouri tribe limited autonomy in return for their support

2008 Female suicide bomber hit Sahwa council in Baquba

(Musings On Iraq article on female suicide bombers)

2014 ISIS spokesman Adnani Promise of Allah statement said would form the caliphate under Caliph

Ibrahim Said that all Muslims had to give allegiance to the caliphate

(Musings On Iraq book review The Caliphate At War, Operational Realities and Innovations of the Islamic State)

2017 Nouri Mosque Mosul liberated by Iraqi forces where IS’s Baghdadi declared the caliphate in 2014

2017 1^st protest of summer over services led by Sadrists in Najaf Burned building Led to police shooting at

crowd 4 dead 20 wounded

View the Iraq History Timelines 

This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 28

1914 Ottomans agreed to oil concessions for British and Germans in Mosul and Baghdad provinces

Never happened because WWI

1920 Was meeting in Mishkhab Najaf to plan for revolt against British

(Musings On Iraq book review of Reclaiming Iraq, The 1920 Revolution and the Founding of the Modern State)

1940 Italian Amb told Iraq it wanted an independent Syria Lebanon and Iraq as well Ambassador

didn’t check with foreign office beforehand

(Musings On Iraq book review of Rashid Ali al-Gailani, The National Movement in Iraq 1939-1941)

(Musings On Iraq book review of Persian Gulf Command, A History of the Second World War In Iran and Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iraq And Syria 1941, The Politics and Strategy of the Second World War)

1969 Baath created Dohuk province as part of 1966 June Declaration on Kurdish rights

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Kurds, A Modern History)

(Musings On Iraq book review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)

1981 Iraq offered Ramadan ceasefire but rejected by Iran

1982 Saddam dismissed all the members of the Revolutionary Command Council

1985 Iran Op Al Quds 1 north of Majnoon Islands Basra ended with nothing gained

1986 Iraqi planes attacked Sardasht Iran using mustard gas 1^st civilian town attacked by WMD 133 killed

1988 Iraq gained bridgehead in Iranian territory for 2^nd time that year 3,000 Iranians dead 8,000

wounded 4,000 captured Defeat at Fao and Majnoon led to collapse of morale in Iran Revolutionary Guard asked govt to end war

(Musings On Iraq interview with Naval Postgraduate School’s Ostovar on history of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard)

(Musings On Iraq book review Vanguard of the Imam, Religion, Politics, and Iran’s Revolutionary Guard)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

1987 Iran accused Iraq of killing and wounding 650 Kurdish civilians in mustard gas attack in northwest

Iran

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Kurds, A Modern History)

(Musings On Iraq book review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)

1991 UN inspectors denied access to Fallujah nuclear site while trucks took equipment out

(Musings On Iraq article UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Saddam Tapes)

(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Report Sec 1.1 UK Iraq Strategy 1990 To 2000)

2004 CPA disbanded, Iraqi sovereignty returned to interim govt led by Premier Allawi

2004 Bremer said CPA accomplished almost everything it set out to do including a peaceful democratic and

pluralistic society

2004 US created Multi National Security Transition Command Iraq to train Iraqi forces

(Musings On Iraq article on pre-Surge US Iraq strategy)

2004 Sistani fatwa said no guarantee US process would create constitutional convention that represented

the Iraqi people

(Musings On Iraq book review The Occupation of Iraq, Winning The War, Losing The Peace)

2005 Bush speech War in Iraq about fighting terrorism creating democracy advancing freedom in Mid East

Rejected timetable for withdrawal Said when Iraqi forces stood up US forces would stand down which was a withdrawal plan

(Musings On Iraq article on pre-Surge US Iraq strategy)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iraq From War To A New Authoritarianism)

2008 Accountability and Justice law amended to stop former ISF officers for being fired for Baathist past

and those that quit could now get jobs with govt

(Musings On Iraq article on amending Accountability and Justice law)

View the Iraq History Timelines 

Review U.S. Marines in Battle, An-Najaf August 2004

Review Kozlowski, Francis, U.S. Marines in Battle, An-Najaf August 2004, Department of Defense, Marine Corps History Division, 2008

U.S. Marines in Battle, An-Najaf August 2004 is the official Marine history of the second battle for the southern Iraqi city. It gives a detailed day by day account of the Marines, later backed by the Army and Iraqi forces as they attempted to destroy Moqtada al-Sadr’s Mahdi Army. It does an excellent job describing the American side of the fight. What it lacks is an Iraqi perspective and a political understanding of the battle.

This Day in Iraqi History - Jun 27

1915 British forces began campaign to capture Nasiriya from Ottomans

1923 Govt arrested cleric Khalisi and others blaming them for posting fatwa on Khadmiya shrine against

Iraqis defending Mosul against Turks Khalisi would be deported to Persia

1923 Persian mujtahids and businesses in Najaf protested arrest of cleric Khalisi for his opposition activities

1923 2 mujtahids led protest in Karbala trying to get clerics and religious students to leave for Persia to

protest Khalisi’s arrest

1954 Parliament dismissed as part of Nuri al-Said’s demands before he returned as premier  

1983 France agreed to lend Iraq 5 Super Etendard fighter bombers that Baghdad wanted to use to attack

shipping heading towards Iran 

1988 Saddam agreed upon offensive to destroy Iranian army to prevent postwar threat

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1990 Iraq’s Revolutionary Command Council meeting gave Saddam okay to use force against Kuwait

(Musings On Iraq book review The Saddam Tapes)

(Musings On Iraq book review from storm to Freedom, America’s Long War with Iraq)

2003 Cheney Chief of Staff Libby told Bob Woodward 2002 Natl Intel Estimate on Iraq included Iraq trying

to buy uranium from Africa Part of plan to counter fmr Amb Wilson who said Iraq-Niger deal didn’t happen

(Musings On Iraq article on Iraq-Niger uranium story)

2004 Bremer got OK from Bush to close CPA Jun 28 to try to fool insurgency

2006 Under pressure PM Maliki revised amnesty offer made 2 days before to include just those that had not

killed anyone

2007 UK intel report on ISF Maliki govt working on national security strategy but unlikely to change

situation without reconciliation Maliki govt had multiple committees on security that competed and didn't cooperate and ineffective Army developing slowly Police full of insurgents and militias and probably unreformable Said ISF couldn’t operate without US support

(Musings On Iraq interview with Jerry Burke police and Interior Min adviser on how Badr took over Interior Ministry)

2008 Senior judge assassinated in east Baghdad during spate of attacks upon judiciary in capital

(Musings On Iraq article on attacks on judges)

2008 Suicide bomber attacked meeting of Anbar Awakening killing 20 including several sheikhs

(Musings On Iraq article on Awakening bombing) 

View the Iraq History Timelines 

Review The Occupation of Iraq, Winning The War, Losing The Peace

Review Allawi, Ali, The Occupation of Iraq, Winning The War, Losing The Peace, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2007

Initially, the dominant narrative about the 2003 invasion of Iraq came from the Americans and the British. As time passed, Iraqis were able to add their voice to what happened to their country. One of the most prominent was Ali Allawi. He had an interesting background as he was involved in exile opposition politics in the 1990s. Then, after the overthrow of Saddam, he served in the 2004 interim government and then the 2005 Jaafari administration. That insider perspective was what made his The Occupation of Iraq, Winning The War, Losing The Peace a standout book about post-Saddam Iraq. Allawi’s main thesis was that Iraq was a lesson in unintended consequences. The United States invaded a country which it took no time to study and never seriously planned for. The result was unleashing a firestorm of forces that were completely out of control of the Americans. The new Iraqi elite that took power was little better as they provided no national vision for the new Iraq, something that had been a problem since Iraq was formed after World War I. Allawi therefore believed that Iraq was an unmitigated disaster.

This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 26

1925 Abdul Sadoun became PM of Iraq for 2^nd time

1940 PM Gaylani asked Italy to become involved in Syria to block Turkey occupying it Came after

Syria joined Vichy France

(Musings On Iraq book review of Rashid Ali al-Gailani, The National Movement in Iraq 1939-1941)

(Musings On Iraq book review of Persian Gulf Command, A History of the Second World War In Iran and Iraq)

1948 Muzahim al-Pachachi became premier

1988 Iraq recaptured Majnoon Islands from Iran

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

1989 Iraq said it was clearing all civilians from 20 mil border area with Iran and Turkey in Kurdistan

relocated 200,000-5000,000 Kurds

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Kurds, A Modern History)

(Musings On Iraq book review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)

1993 Pres Clinton ordered cruise missile attack on Iraq’s intel HQ in Baghdad for attempted assassination of

ex-Pres Bush in Kuwait

1996 Iraqi govt rounded up 120 coup plotters and executed most of them in failed plot by CIA and Iraqi

National Accord Iraqi intel had captured satellite phone from Iraqi National Accord agent in Iraq and uncovered CIA-INA plot Iraqi intelligence used captured phone to call CIA and told them to go home

(Musings On Iraq book review The United States And Iraq Since 1990: A Brief History with Documents)

2002 Gen Franks met with commanders in Germany and told them to switch from original war plan to new

Running Start Would begin war before all forces in theater

(Musings On Iraq book review of Shaping the Plan for Operation Iraqi Freedom, The Role of Military Intelligence Assessment)

2002 INC memo to Senate Approp Comm said group had led to 108 articles from Oct 01-May 02

and White House officials had received those products

(Musings On Iraq book review Leap of Faith, Hubris Negligence, and America’s Greatest Foreign Policy

Tragedy)

2003 UN terrorism committee draft report found no Iraq-Al Qaeda links

2003 Ayatollah Sistani issued fatwa saying Iraqis should elect council to draft new constitution vs CPA

plan 

2003 Report quoted State Dept memo that too early to tell whether captured Iraqi trailers were mobile

WMD labs

(Musings On Iraq article on mobile labs story)

2005 Def Sec Rumsfeld said US conducting secret talks to try to split Iraqis from foreign insurgents

(Musings On Iraq book review Iraq’s Sunni Insurgency)

2006 Al Qaeda in Iraq robbed $7 mil from Rafidain bank branch in Ramadi

2007 US gen in charge of advisers warned ISF years away from being able to handle security Warned

against early withdrawal of US forces as a result

2008 ISI suicide bomber hit tribal council meeting Killed 26 including Garma mayor

2016 Fallujah finally freed of insurgents 

View the Iraq History Timelines

Iraq Finally Has Defense Interior Justice Ministers

New Def Min Shammari (Al Mirbad)

Prime Minister Adel Mahdi took office on October 25, 2018 with an incomplete cabinet. That included no Defense, Interior and Justice ministers. This time it was even more difficult for parliament to fill these positions because Mahdi had no list behind him for support. Instead he was selected by a compromise between Moqtada al-Sadr and Hadi Amiri who led the two main winning lists in the election. Sadr has become increasingly critical of the PM giving him a ten day ultimatum to fill the empty spots in his government. After nine months, lawmakers finally filled those three ministries.

This Time In Iraqi History - Jun 25

1933 Iraqi army sent to Dohuk in show of force against armed followers of Assyrian leader Mar

Shimun

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Tragedy of the Assyrian Minority in Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq book review State and Society in Iraq)

1961 Gen Qasim called for Kuwait to be re-united with Iraq Egypt said it was opposed to idea because

Nasser opposed Qasim

1988 2^nd Op Tawakal ala Allah using chemical weapons Iraq attacked and retook Majnoon Islands

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

1991 Iraqis fired on UN weapons inspectors at suspected nuke site

(Musings On Iraq article UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Saddam Tapes)

(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Report Sec 1.1 UK Iraq Strategy 1990 To 2000)

2003 Report Captured Zarqawi operative in Germany said Zarqawi independent terrorist not part of Al

Qaeda

2003 Report State Dept WMD analyst told Congressional hearing he felt pressured to tailor intel to fit Bush

admin agenda on Iraq

2003 UN Sec Gen Annan met with PM Blair Annan said that UN was pushing Bremer to transition

to Iraqi control as quickly as possible Said Bremer good at making fast decisions but that meant he didn’t talk to others Complained deBaathification had gone too far

2004 INC turned over captured Iraqi doc Iraq intel and bin Laden met in 90s Iraq agreed to air anti-Saudi

tapes but request for joints ops unanswered by Iraq

2006 PM Maliki announced national reconciliation program Included Reconciliation Council National

Dialogue Plan fighting terrorism Reviewing Debaathification Commission Amnesty for prisoners not involved in terrorism Compensation for terrorism and Saddam victims and IDPs Improving services Dealing with militias Fighting poverty and joblessness Nothing came of it

2006 Health Ministry recorded over 50,000 Iraqi deaths since 2003 from terrorism and military clashes

2006 Report CIA officer Drumheller warned Agency before Bush’s Jan 03 State of the Union and Sec

State Powell’s Feb 03 UN speech not to use story Iraq had mobile WMD labs

2006 Report CIA officer warned that source of mobile labs story Iraqi named CURVEBALL held by

Germans was unstable and story not verified

2006 Report Germans warned CIA that CURVEBALL was unreliable and refused to allow CIA access to

him

2006 CIA Dir Tenet told Sec State Powell it had multiple sources confirming Iraq mobile lab story while

preparing Powell’s UN speech CURVEBALL was only real source

2006 Right before Sec State Powell’s speech CIA Dir called CIA officer Drumheller to fact check speech

Told Tenet not to use mobile labs claim

(Musings On Iraq article on how CURVEBALL influenced US intel on Iraq’s WMD)

(Musings On Iraq articles on the CURVEBALL story)

2007 ISI suicide bomber killed Sheikh Gaood of Albu Nimr tribe Sheikh Rifai al-Fahdawai of Albu Fahad

Sheikh Azziz al-Fahadawi Sheikh al-Assafir head of the Albu Assaf tribe in Baghdad hotel before meeting with US officials Were all Awakening members

2007 US cmdr Op Arrowhead Ripper in Baquba said ISF not capable of holding areas cleared by US

General in southern Baghdad said same thing

2014 Al-Nusra commander on Syrian-Iraq border gave allegiance to ISIS

2014 Ishaqi Salahaddin declared freed 3^rd time in just a few days

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Northern Front Stalemate In Salahaddin)

 
View the Iraq History Timelines 

Security In Iraq Jun 15-21 2019

(Iraqi News)

Despite the Islamic State being in the third month of its spring-summer campaign Revenge of the Levant incidents have decreased every week of June. There were 26 the first week, 25 the second, and then 16 the third week. That could be because two of the main sources on violence in Iraq are offline so there were likely more incidents then were recorded this month.

This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 24

1933 Interior Minister would not let Assyrian leader Mar Shimun leave Baghdad after being in

capital for nearly a month

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Tragedy of the Assyrian Minority in Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq book review State and Society in Iraq)

1981 UK signed trade pact with Baghdad that would expand trade to more than $2 bil/yr

1982 9^th Regional Baath Party Congress held in secret Saddam said party infiltrated by enemies and suffered

bad decisions to get rid of dissenters Health Min Hussein who said Saddam might step down was executed Saddam changed party leadership to ensure his control

1984 Iraq air raids resumed on Iranian oil infrastructure with attack on Kharg Island Iran’s main oil

terminal Destroyed docking bay but operating again in 5 days

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

1994 SCIRI claimed govt building new canal to drain southern marshes and drive out displaced and rebels

2003 Def Sec Rumsfeld said Iraq had chemical weapons but not nuclear weapons

(Musings On Iraq article on how poor US intel work led to claim Iraq rebuilt its nuclear weapons program)

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq, One Of The Worst Intelligence Failures In US History)

2003 UN head inspector Blix said inspectors were not impressed with Sec State Powell’s Feb 03 speech to

UN on Iraq’s WMD

(Musings On Iraq article UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

2003 Weapons search in Maysan’s Majar al-Kabir led to shootout and death of 6 British soldiers

2003 UK intel report believed Iran backed Mujahedeen for Islamic Revolution in Iraq that killed 6 British

soldiers

2003 Fallujah’s mayor’s office hit by RPG for working with US

2004 Al Qaeda in Iraq carried out multiple car bombs and attacks on police in Baghdad Baquba Fallujah

Ramadi and Mosul killing 92 wounding 285 Took over police station and city hall in Baquba and held city center for 6 hours

2004 Sadr announced unilateral ceasefire with US in Sadr City

2014 Operation to try to free Tal Afar launched and failed

2018 Protest in Diyala over electricity cuts Province had not received 35% of its power

View the Iraq History Timelines 
-->

Musings On Iraq in The News

Musings On Iraq was cited in "Reclaiming The Initiative: Proxy Warfare In The Middle East" by Yaniv Friedman and Lazar Berman in Small Wars Journal.

Link to all of Musings On Iraq's citations, appearances and original work.

This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 23

1991 US Gen said in opening day of bombing during Gulf War US tried to kill Saddam

1996 Iyad Allawi interviewed in WashPost saying Iraqi National Accord supported a military uprising in

Iraq

2003 Oil Ministry made first foreign oil sale to Turkish company since invasion

2003 Official US found more evidence since Iraq invasion to prove Iraq-Al Qaeda ties

2003 US defense official complained to press Iraq-Al Qaeda ties were based on politics before war not based

on intelligence

2003 Bush at NSC meeting asked why US wasn’t pushing elections in Iraq and maybe they should come

before writing constitution

2003 Cheney chief of staff Libby told NYTimes reporter Miller Fmr Amb Wilson’s wife worked at CIA in

retaliation against Wilson Implied Wilson’s wife set up her husband’s trip to Niger

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq-Niger uranium story)

2003 Cheney chief of staff Libby complained that CIA was selectively leaking info to press to lesson its role

in claims about Iraq’s WMD

2004 Pentagon report said only 6% of Iraqi police had finished training Said ISF lacked equipment

(Musings On Iraq article on pre-Surge US Iraq strategy)

(Musings On Iraq interview with Jerry Burke police and Interior Min adviser on how US failed to develop the Iraqi police)

2004 Report were two waves of foreign fighters to Iraq one before and one after 2003 invasion

2004 Report cooperation between Baathist and jihadist insurgents in Iraq and international terror

networks including Al Qaeda

2004 DepDefSec Wolfowitz said what was going on in Iraq was not an insurgency Said it was former

regime elements who didn't want to give up

(Musings On Iraq book review Iraq’s Sunni Insurgency)

2004 US delivered $1.4 bil in cash to KRG for administration Went unaccounted for

2005 15 Sunnis and 1 Sabean added to constitutional drafting committee and 10 more Sunnis as advisers

(Musings On Iraq interview with constitutional scholar Zaid al-Ali on Iraq’s constitution)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iraq From War To A New Authoritarianism)

2006 US Iraq Cmdr Gen Casey briefed Bush on withdrawal plan Bush approved

(Musings On Iraq article on pre-Surge US Iraq strategy)

2008 Report govt came up with new displaced program to force squatters out of homes and make them

return to their original areas Were 2.7 mil displaced and 2.5 mil refugees

(Musings On Iraq article on govt’s new displaced program)

(Musings On Iraq book review Children of War, Voices Of Iraqi Refugees)

2013 Parliament amended 2008 Provincial Powers Law but not implemented

2014 ISIS held large military parade in Mosul after city fell

2014 Fighting between ISIS and Hawija Brigades in Hawija, Kirkuk for control

2014 Jihad and Reform Front agreed to work with ISIS in summer offensive Said tribal revolutionaries

would sweep over Anbar

2014 Albu Mahal tribe surrendered Qaim Anbar to ISIS

(Musings On Iraq article on Albu Mahal tribe)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Western Front Is Anbar Next To Fall?)

View the Iraq History Timelines 

This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 22

1922 Standard Oil told State Dept that it and other US companies were interested in exploring in

Iraq

1922 Gertrude Bell wrote that Shiites were all under the pay of leading cleric Sheikh Mahdi al-Khalisi who

she said wasn’t an Arab but a Persian

(Musings On Iraq book review of Gertrude Bell And Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq book review Gertrude Bell, Explorer of the Middle East)

1963 Govt forces captured Saqsaq and Tobzawa from KDP Peshmerga

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Kurds, A Modern History)

(Musings On Iraq book review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)

1982 Commander in chief of Iranian army said Iran-Iraq War would continue until Saddam

overthrown

(Musings On Iraq book review of Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

1982 Saddam complained that Iran was defeated in 1980 but didn’t give up

1983 Iraqi govt ordered all Kurds born from 1963-64 to be drafted into army

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

1996 UN and Iraq agreed on terms for allowing UN inspectors into Republican Guard Special Republican

Guard Special Security Organization Mukhabarat sites

(Musings On Iraq article UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

1998 Grand Ayatollah Mirza Ali al-Gharawi assassinated by Saddam who blamed foreign agents

2001 US decided to provide new aid to Iraqi opposition against Saddam

2003 Bush blamed former regime elements for attacks in Iraq

(Musings On Iraq book review Iraq’s Sunni Insurgency)

2003 Bush claimed other intel services said Iraq had WMD and Iraq never proved it destroyed its WMD

arsenal

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq, One Of The Worst Intelligence Failures In US History)

2003 Head weapons inspector Blix thought Iraq only had “debris” of WMD program since none found since

invasion

2003 Blix said pre-war reports by Iraqis that WMD were destroyed might prove true Cited Hussein Kamal in

94 who said no WMD left

(Musings On Iraq article UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

2003 Report 2002 National Intelligence Estimate questioned Iraq-Al Qaeda ties

2003 2000 Ayatollah Sistani supporters protested outside Green Zone demanding elections and

            new Iraqi govt

2003 British searches in Maja al-Kabir, Maysan led to shooting with locals 8 wounded

2004 Al Qaeda in Iraq beheaded S Korean civilian Kim Sun-il

2004 UN audit on reconstruction in Iraq found spending and contracts full of errors and open to fraud

2004 UN audit found State Organization for Marketing Oil had no records on tenders contracts who won

bids etc

2004 Report White House claims Saddam Fedayeen members were in Al Qaeda based upon confusion of

their names

2005 US Cmdr in Iraq Gen Casey got report of prisoner abuse by ISF Ordered US forces to stop any

abuses they saw

2006 US Cmdr in Iraq General Casey told press that Iran giving weapons and training to militias

(Musings On Iraq interview with Galen Wright of Arkenstone blog on Iranian arms shipments to Iraqi militias) 

(Musings On Iraq article on Iran’s Iraq policy)

2008 Iraqi offensive against Sadrists in Maysan expanded to Dhi Qar and Wasit

2008 Report IEDs down 90% from 2007

2008 Female suicide bomber in Baquba killed 13 wounded 30

(Musings On Iraq article on female suicide bombers)

2008 Report US reconstruction projects in Hit halted due to corruption of mayor and police chief

2008 Baghdad Ops Command said PM Maliki issued order to integrate all Sahwa in province

2009 US commander in Diyala said govt had not paid 1000 Sahwa in province nor integrated them into

govt

2009 US turned over security in Anbar to Iraqi forces

2010 Protests in Ramadi and Nasiriya over lack of electricity

2010 Army arrested sons of protest organizer in Basra demanding leader turn himself in Basra council

condemned Army’s move

2011 Report Asaib Ahl Al-Haq carried out recruiting program to get people to attack US forces

before they withdrew from Iraq

(Musings On Iraq article on history of Asaib Ahl Al-Haq)

2011 Basra council voted to ban US military from operating in province

2012 Def Sec Panetta asked Iraq to hold Hezbollah operative Daqduq in prison Captured

            by US and turned over to Iraqis

(Musings On Iraq article on Hezbollah presence in Iraq)

2012 Iraq’s national grid ran out of fuel shutting down electricity across entire country for 24 hrs

2012 Sadr criticized Ayatollah Haeri and Iran for trying to interfere with his followers during no confidence

move vs PM Maliki

(Musings On Iraq book review Iraq From War To A New Authoritarianism)

2013 ISF launched operation in Rawa, Anbar

2013 Anbar governor claimed Iraqi Islamic Party cheated in provincial elections paying off voters

2014 ISF withdrew from Qaim, Anbar ISIS seized Trebil and Walid border crossings

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Western Front Is Anbar Next To Fall?)

2014 ISF withdrew from Tal Afar, Ninewa turning it over to ISIS

2014 Fighting between ISIS and pro-Naqshibandi tribes in Hawija, Kirkuk for control

(Musings On Iraq Precarious Relationship Between The Islamic State of Iraq And The Baathist Naqshibandi)

2014 Human Rights Ministry report 480 Shiite prisoners were executed by ISIS in Badush prison after

Mosul captured

2014 Iraqi forces again claimed Jurf al-Sakhr, Babil freed of insurgents Wasn’t

2014 Report Iraq lost 60 of 243 Army battalions with all of their equipment 5 of Iraq’s 14 Divisions combat

ineffective

2014 Iran objected to US sending military advisers to help Iraq against insurgency Claimed US supporting

Baathists and ISIS

View the Iraq History Timelines 

This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 21

1920 UK Foreign Min Lord Curzon wrote that Iraq High Comm Wilson’s ideas were backwards

and him leading Mandate was a problem Wilson rejected self-rule

1922 Nephew of cleric Khalisi arrested for posting anti-election fatwa in Khadimiya Baghdad When

police tried to arrest man followers came to his aid but still detained

1922 Mujtahid Khalisi called for shop closings in Khadimiya to protest nephew’s arrest Few complied

1981 UN rep Palme took 4^th trip to Tehran to try to negotiate ceasefire to end Iran-Iraq War

1982 Ayatollah Khomeini announced Iran would go to Lebanon and Jerusalem through Iraq

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review of Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

1997 UN Resolution 1115 said Iraq had to fully cooperate with weapons inspectors and allow them

into disputed sites

(Musings On Iraq article UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)

(Musings On Iraq article Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

2002 CIA paper on Iraq-Al Qaeda relationship Said two had contacts since mid-90s but no evidence

of cooperation on terrorism Differences limited relationship

(Musings On Iraq book review Leap of Faith, Hubris Negligence, and America’s Greatest Foreign Policy

Tragedy)

2003 Sadrist march in Baghdad against US occupation

2004 9/11 Comm member claimed captured Iraqi docs showed 3 Saddam Fedayeen members were in

Al Qaeda Claimed a Fedayeen was Al Qaeda facilitator in Malaysia Just had same name

2005 PM Jaafari announced $1 bil deal with Iran to build schools hospitals and libraries

(Musings On Iraq article on Iran’s Iraq policy)

2005 US forces saw insurgents fighting other insurgents along Iraq-Syrian border

(Musings On Iraq book review Iraq’s Sunni Insurgency)

2005 Sen Hagel told Bush he should listen to outside voices on Iraq policy

2006 Saddam’s lawyer kidnapped by men in police uniform and executed

2006 Zalmay Khalilzad sworn in as new US ambassador to Iraq

2006 US Iraq Cmdr Gen Casey told Joint Chiefs plan to transfer security to Iraqis in 18 months

accept Anbar Wanted to draw down US brigades in Iraq from 15 to 10 by end of yr

2006 US Iraq Cmdr Gen Casey told Joint Chiefs he wanted only 5-6 US brigades in Iraq by Dec 07

(Musings On Iraq article on pre-Surge US Iraq strategy)

2007 Report VP Mahdi tendered resignation Complained PM Maliki not including president and vice

presidents in decision making United Iraqi Alliance also complained Maliki only consulted with Dawa advisers

2008 Gen Petraeus issued new guidelines for US forces in Iraq to set up governance services build economy

2009 Mayors in some Ninewa districts threatened to join KRG as part of al-Hadbaa list dispute

(Musings On Iraq article on Kurd-Al Hadbaa dispute in Ninewa)

(Musings On Iraq article on Al-Hadbaa taking over Ninewa council)

2010 ISF broke up protests in Nasiriya over lack of electricity Protests in Basra too

2010 Electricity Minister Hassan resigned due to protests

2012 PM Maliki called for Ninewa Gov Nujafi to be dismissed saying he violated constitution by

            holding talks with Kurds over oil deals in disputed areas

2013 Transportation Minister and Badr head Ameri said Iraq’s Shiites would fight ISIS in Syria if

shrines were attacked

(Musings On Iraq article on the history of Badr Organization)

2014 Rawa Ana Rutba Albu Hayat Jubba in western Anbar all fell to ISIS

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Western Front Is Anbar Next To Fall?)

2014 ISF executed 25 prisoners in Rawa before withdrawing

2014 Fighting between Naqshibandi Ansar al-Sunna Islamic Army vs ISIS over control of Hamrin, Diyala

(Musings On Iraq book review The Caliphate At War, Operational Realities and Innovations of the Islamic State)

2014 ISIS fought Naqshibandi over control of Riyad, Kirkuk

2014 ISIS executed 84 ISF in Tikrit

2014 New security op to clear Jurf al-Sakhr, Babil

2014 ISIS attacked Tuz Kharmato Salahaddin and turned back

2014 Sadrists paraded in Baghdad Amarah Basra and other locations in south Iraq to show that it was

            defending the country

(Musings On Iraq Moqtada al-Sadr And Iraq’s Militia Mobilization)

2015 KRG stopped delivering oil for export by Baghdad

2017 IS blew up historic Nouri Mosque and Hadbaa minaret in west Mosul as Iraqi forces approached

(Musings on Iraq Mosul Campaign Day 249)

2018 21 Supreme Court ruled that manual recount and replacing Election Comm with judges was constitutional Cancelling displaced and foreign voting was not

(Musings On Iraq article on Supreme Court’s decision on amending election law)

View the Iraq History Timelines 

Tehran And Its Iraqi Allies Respond Asymmetrically To Trump Admin’s Iran Policy

Rocket launcher found outside Ninewa Ops Command (Iraq Newspaper)

Washington’s Iran policy appears in disarray. National Security Adviser John Bolton has talked about escalating pressure upon Tehran to halt not only its nuclear program but its foreign policy in the Middle East, and making them pay if they cross the line, but then President Trump told him to back down. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo appears to be stuck in the middle. This is likely the result of the president delegating Iran to his staff and not knowing what the actual policy was until things got into the media, and then he got involved, which undermined what the strategy was. Tehran has responded asymmetrically to the increased rhetoric as it always has when dealing with the United States.

This Day In Iraqi History - Jun 20

1980 Iraq held first parliamentary elections since end of monarchy in 1958 Baath won 187

seats Independents 63

1982 Saddam ordered Iraqi troops to withdraw to border Ayatollah Khomeini said war would end

when Saddam was out

1982 Ayatollah Khomeini agreed to Iran going on offensive and invading Iraq Said that heavy Shiite

casualties had to be avoided

(Musings On Iraq book review of Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

1985 Iran Op Fatah in Basra started

1987 UN Res 598 called for new peace plan to end Iran-Iraq War Tehran did not reject idea for first

time

1987 Iran Op Nasr 4 Took Mawat Kurdistan

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq book review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1987 Ali Hassan al-Majid issued order for random attacks on Kurdish areas to kill as many people as

possible Also said that any Kurd captured between 15-70 should be interrogated then executed

(Musings On Iraq book review of The Kurds, A Modern History)

(Musings On Iraq book review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)

2004 Interim PM Allawi said special commando units would be created Interior Min Naqib used units to

bring in relatives and ex-military into ministry Allawi thought units would be critical to defeating insurgency

2004 Head of 9/11 Commission said Al Qaeda was closer to Iran and Pakistan than Iraq

2004 9/11 Comm member said captured Iraqi docs showed 1 Fedayeen Saddam was an Al Qaeda member

Attacked press for claiming Comm report contradicted Bush admin claims on Iraq-Al Qaeda connections

2004 White House claimed 9/11 Comm proved its argument of Al Qaeda-Iraq ties when Commission said

no cooperation

2005 UK UN diplomat Ross said he saw 4 ½ yrs of intel on Iraq WMD and it didn’t support Blair’s

argument for war

(Musings On Iraq Book Review The Report of the Iraq Inquiry, Executive Summary)

2006 Michael Maloof who was on Pentagon’s Policy Counterterrorism Group said Al Qaeda’s Libi and INC

reported Iraq provided training to Al Qaeda Feb 04 Libi recanted his story which was given under torture

2006 Michael Maloof who was on Pentagon’s Policy Counterterrorism Group said in 1990 Ansar al-Islam

was working on WMD in Kurdistan Ansar not created until 2002

2006 Michael Maloof who was on Pentagon’s Policy Counterterrorism Group said Iraq supported Ansar al-

Islam Was not true

2006 Michael Maloof who was on Pentagon’s Policy Counterterrorism Group said Iraq ran terrorist training

camp in Salman Pak with a plane fuselage next to a WMD facility raising fears Iraq giving terrorists WMD Was no active WMD facility in Salman Pak but was a terrorist training camp Stories were spread by INC

2006 Michael Maloof who was on Pentagon’s Policy Counterterrorism Group said he believed 9/11 hijacker

Atta met with Iraqi intel in Prague in 2001 and never disproven Czech intel said story untrue CIA FBI 9/11 Commission never found evidence of meeting

2006 Michael Maloof who was on Pentagon’s Policy Counterterrorism Group claimed 2002 NIE was

attempt by CIA to win back debate on Iraq to WMD instead of terrorism

2006 Fmr head State Dept Intel Bureau Carl Ford said pre-Iraq war intel showed failure of tradecraft and

analysis of US intel

2006 Carl Ford said US got reports of things like Iraq-Niger uranium story and aluminum tubes and failed

to analyze and question them thoroughly

(Musings On Iraq article on Iraq-Niger uranium story)

(Musings On Iraq article on the aluminum tubes story)

2006 Fmr Dep Dir CIA McLaughlin said that Feith’s Counter Terror Group found lots of articles of Al

Qaeda-Iraq meetings but no control or operational connections

2006 Fmr Dep Dir CIA McLaughlin thought Feith’s Pentagon group was put together to counter CIA’s

intel on Iraq-Al Qaeda

2006 Fmr CIA bin Laden desk chief Scheuer said Iraq war devastated CIA’s counterterrorism office by

draining resources

2006 CIA’s Scheuer said CIA didn’t see any threat from Iraq compared to Al Qaeda Said Dep Sec Def

Feith’s office was set up to counter the CIA’s reporting no ties between Iraq and Al Qaeda

2006 Scheuer headed CIA’s report on Iraq-Al Qaeda ties and found no relationship

2006 Gen DeLong Gen Frank’s deputy commader at CENTCOM said he believed Iraq working with Ansar

al-Islam and Al Qaeda in Kurdistan pre-invasion

2008 Report several insurgent groups reaching out to parties to try to get involved in politics

2008 ISF arrested Sadrist deputy governor and 2 councilmen in Maysan during security op there vs Sadrists

(Musings On Iraq article on Op Promise of Peace)

2008 20 police accused of kidnapping and running death squads arrested Were members of Mahdi Army

2008 Report 4 political parties formed from 2 Anbar Awakening groups and 2 from insurgent Islamic Army

2009 Head of Kurdish list in Ninewa told Bashiqa teachers they should stop teaching in Arabic and switch

to Kurdish Dispute with Hadbaa List

(Musings On Iraq article on Kurd-Al Hadbaa dispute in Ninewa)

(Musings On Iraq article on Al-Hadbaa taking over Ninewa council)

(Musings On Iraq article on continued Kurd-Al Hadbaa dispute in Ninewa)

2009 ISI bombed Shiite mosque killing 73 in Taza Kirkuk

2010 2 car bombs in front of Trade Bank of Iraq in Baghdad 27 killed 55 wounded

2010 Funeral for protester killed in Basra led to march calling for PM Maliki to step down

2010 Ayatollah Najafi issued statement condemning electricity shortages and supported right of people to

protest problem

2011 Sadr statement called for arrest and punishment of ex-Mahdi Army Abu Dura and his followers

Known as Shiite Zarqawi

2011 PM Maliki and other political leaders met at Pres Talabani’s house in Baghdad to discuss power

sharing

2012 Sadr MP said 3^rd term for PM Maliki would lead to dictatorship

2012 Sadrist protest in Baghdad claimed govt cracking down on independent press

2013 Chevron signed new exploration deal with KRG for work in Irbil

2013 Gazprom met with Pres Barzani to discuss oil deals in KRG

2013 Shahristani claimed Iraq’s electricity problems would be solved by end of year

2013 Election Comm said voter turnout only 35% in Ninewa and 37% in Anbar in delayed provincial

elections

2014 Tanker sold Kurdish oil to Israel exported through KRG’s independent pipeline to Turkey

2014 Fighting between Naqshibandi and ISIS in Hawija killed 17 as IS tried to assert control over area

(Musings On Iraq Precarious Relationship Between The Islamic State of Iraq And The Baathist Naqshibandi)

2014 45 bodies found executed by insurgents in Tigris River in Salahaddin

2014 Turkman leaders in Tuz Kharmato said happy Peshmerga moved into city but wanted power sharing

2014 Sistani spokesman called for new govt that “avoids past mistakes” Most took that as criticism of PM

Maliki

2015 Hashd killed a Kurdish civilian in a car leading to gunfight between Hashd and Peshmerga in Tuz

Kharmato

2015 Civil group claimed Peshmerga killing civilians and displacing people in Diyala’s Khanaqin Dist

2018 Up to 300 protested in Basra demanding jobs from oil companies and Industry Ministry Was broken

up by police

View the Iraq History Timelines