Tuesday, November 1, 2022

This Day In Iraqi History - Nov 1 Churchill govt advised to remove PM Gaylani for contacts with Nazis and Italy

(Times of Israel)

 

1918 Ottoman cmdr in Mosul vilayet asked British to retreat to Qayara and not threaten Mosul

            city

1918 UK cmdr in Mesopotamia Gen Marshall said Turks withdrawing from Mosul could lead to

            disorder and therefore UK had to take city

1925 British met with Ibn Saud and signed treaty to try to control Wahabi Ikhwan raids into Iraq

1926 2nd cabinet of PM Sadoun resigned after new parliament failed to elect Hikmat Suliman as

            speaker Led King Faisal to ask Jaafar al-Askari to be PM

1936 PM Sulaiman gave his first public speech promising wide reforms after 1936 coup

1940 Report to UK cabinet said PM Gaylani had to be dealt with because of contacts with

            Germany and refusal to sever ties with Italy

1940 UK Chiefs of Staff recommended removing Gaylani via diplomatic moves

(Musings On Iraq review Rashid Ali al-Gailani, The Nationalist Movement in Iraq 1939-1941)

(Musings On Iraq review Persian Gulf Command, A History of the Second World War In Iran and Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq And Syria 1941, The Politics and Strategy of the Second World War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with Prof Boich World War II In Iraq and Syria)

1955 Martial Law declared in Iraq to deal with protests over Suez Crisis Were riots in Baghdad

Najaf Mosul Kut Samawa Kirkuk led by Communists and Baathists Army had to be sent to Mosul and Najaf to support police

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq Under General Nuri, My Recollections of Nuri al-Said, 1954-1958)

1956 Iraq filed complaint with England over Suez Crisis and imposed martial law to try to stop

protests

1963 Wandawi head of Baathist National Guard dismissed in fallout between nationalist

and Baathist coup members He refused to step down and threatened to bomb Baath HQ Baath officers in military backed Wandawi and arrested Baath civilian leaders

(Musings On Iraq review Socialist Iraq, A Study in Iraqi Politics Since 1968)

1978 Iraq hosted anti-Sadat conference to oppose Egypt-Israel peace treaty

1982 Iranian Op Holy Muharram attacked Maysan Changed target from threatening Baghdad

back to Basra Changed tactics from human wave attacks to infiltration Iranian Rev Guard division and extra battalions snuck through Iraqi lines at border

(Musings On Iraq interview with Naval Postgraduate School’s Ostovar on history of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard)

(Musings On Iraq review Vanguard of the Imam, Religion, Politics, and Iran’s Revolutionary Guard)

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

(Musings On Iraq review Armies of the Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

1983 Sec of State Schultz told Iraq using chemical weapons almost every day in Iran-Iraq War

(Musings On Iraq Origins Of Iraq’s WMD Programs)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Use Of Chemical Weapons In Iran-Iraq War And Their Western Origin)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1990 Bush authorized offensive planning and preparations for Gulf War

(Musings On Iraq review from storm to Freedom, America’s Long War with Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq review The Bush Administrations and Saddam Hussein, Deciding on Conflict)

(Musings On Iraq review The United States And Iraq Since 1990: A Brief History with Documents)

1992 Report UN inspectors found US contributed to Iraq’s nuke program CIA knew about deals

and did nothing 200 of 770 US licensed exports to Iraq went to weapons programs 1985-90 US sold $1.5 bil in dual use goods to Iraq that probably went to weapons

1999 INC meeting in New York City SCIRI refused to attend because thought it was just for

publicity

2000 UK intel report said Saddam had no reason to work with UN because felt US would never

            end sanctions as long as he was in power

(Musings On Iraq Review The Report of the Iraq Inquiry, Executive Summary)

(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Report Section 1.2 UK Iraq strategy September 2000 To September 2001)

2002 UnderSec State Bolton told conference if Iraq got fissile material it could have a nuclear

            bomb in a year

(Musings On Iraq How US Intelligence Created An Iraqi Nuclear Threat In 2002)

(Musings On Iraq review The WMD Mirage, Iraq’s Decade of Deception and America’s False Premise for War)

2002 UN Head inspectors Blix and El Baradei visited Bush and VP Cheney at White House Bush

            said inspections had full US backing

(Musings On Iraq UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

2002 UK Cabinet Office sent draft paper on postwar Iraq Said Coalition military govt should last

            6 months UN should administer Iraq and then sovereignty returned to Iraq

(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Inquiry Section 6.4 Planning and Preparation For A Post-Saddam Hussein Iraq, Mid-2001 to January 2003)

2003 UN withdrew most of its staff after Zarqawi bombing

2003 Asst Cmdr 1st Armored Div Gen Hertling said that the insurgency was faltering

2003 Zarqawi truck bomb hit Italian Carabinieri HQ in Nasiriya killing 14 Part of Ramadan

            offensive

(Musings On Iraq review The Caliphate At War, Operational Realities and Innovations of the Islamic State)

2003 Bush said former regime members and foreigners behind insurgency but US would not quit

(Musings On Iraq review The U.S. Army In The Iraq War: Volume 1, Invasion, Insurgency, Civil

War, 2003-2006)

2003 NSC discussed Nov memo by CIA station chief in Baghdad that insurgency mostly Iraqi

because Sunnis alienated from new Iraq Def Sec Rumsfeld said there was no insurgency Bush ended discussion because angry CIA report leaked to press Bush said he didn’t want any talk of insurgency in media because wanted to win the 04 election

2003 CIA Mideast chief Richer was furious at NSC meeting Admin finally talking about

insurgency and ended up focusing on political spin instead

2005 Bush and PM Blair agreed Sunni outreach before Dec election main priority

2006 White House meeting Sec State Rice said US should focus on narrow natl security interests

and Iraq Doubted US could check Shiite parties White House staff argued US couldn’t ignore sectarian violence Bush said he stood by PM Maliki

2007 Report Baghdad’s Rasheed used to be majority Sunni Now 70% Shiite Hurriya home to

many Shiites driven out of Adil by insurgents Sunnis expelled from Hurriya Sunni cleansing of Ghazaliya largely ended due to US presence

(Musings On Iraq review Voices From Iraq, A People’s History, 2003-2009)

(Musings On Iraq Columbia University Charts Sectarian Cleansing Of Baghdad)

2008 PM Maliki govt took over control of Baghdad Sahwa Said would pay and integrate them

            Cut salaries from $300 to $250/month to undercut Sahwa which Maliki opposed to

(Musings On Iraq What’s In The Future For The Sons of Iraq?)

(Musings On Iraq Will Baghdad Pay For The Sons Of Iraq?)

(Musings On Iraq Will Baghdad Pay For The Sons Of Iraq Update)

(Musings On Iraq Sons of Iraq Integration Update)

(Musings On Iraq review Surge, My Journey with General David Petraeus and the Remaking of the Iraq War)

2008 Intl Org for Migration report Before Feb 06 Samarra bombing 1.2 mil displaced Afterward

            another 1.5 mil displaced

(Musings On Iraq International Organization for Migration’s November Report on Iraq’s Displaced)

2009 Report Top positions in ISF like battalion commanders and squad leaders were up for sale

            for thousands of dollars

2009 US said Maysan main gateway for Iranian weapons into Iraq Militiamen still being trained

            in Iran as well

(Musings On Iraq Iran’s Policy Towards Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq A History Of Iranian Weapons Shipments To Iraq Interview With Arkenstone Blog’s Galen Wright)

2009 Date industry hadn’t recovered from 2003 invasion Lacked funding Mismanaged

Neglected Before 2003 Iraq produced 900,000 tons of dates/yr 2009 only produced 350,000 tons Quality declined President of date authority said industry had declined since 1960s Drought also a factor US and UAE tried to help business

2010 Report Mid level govt workers got $600/mo MPs got $10,000/mo Got $12,500 mostly

            allowances Got $600 during foreign trips Got 80% of their salaries for retirement

2011 Iraqiya members of Diyala govt said PM Maliki had to address provinces demands

            otherwise it would become an autonomous region

2012 Court gave 2nd death sentence to ex-VP Hashemi for assassination of Interior Min official

Son in law also found guilty and given 2nd death sentence for sticky bomb assassination

2013 Iraq said it supported Geneva II meeting to arrange political transition in Syria for Assad to

step down

2013 Report Ninewa officials said insurgents still making money off Mosul Extorted money

from shops petrol stations companies Earned millions and major source of funding Gov Nujafi admitted for years insurgents had taken money from province Claimed ISF was cracking down on practice

2013 Report PUK secretary general said party members more interested in enriching themselves

than the party Said was reason why party lost support Also mentioned poor governance Called on old guard to step down and allow younger leadership run PUK

2013 Report Turkey said it wouldn’t allow KRG to independently export oil without Baghdad’s

            approval Turkey did allow KRG exports

2013 Report Energy experts said impossible for KRG to build 2nd oil pipeline to Turkey in 18

            months as claimed Turkey said it wanted 2nd pipeline

2014 IS executed 50 civilians in village in Anbar

2014 Amnesty Intl researcher went to village in Ninewa All houses destroyed Kurds blamed IS

Peshmerga probably responsible Kurdish civilians said they destroyed some homes of IS supporters

2015 Report Since 2003 KRG moved towards independence Developed own energy sector

Took over disputed areas Paid lobbyists in West Used war with IS to increase power Around 70% of KRG lived off govt Not economically autonomous Budget dispute with Baghdad backfired KRG couldn’t pay govt workers as a result Led KRG to go into debt Borrowed against oil exports KRG oil revenue went into 16 intl bank accounts Finance Min only had access to 1 of them Only had $14 mil in it Nechirvan Bargain and Natural Resource Min Hawrami controlled other accounts

2016 Mosul entered by Iraqi forces for first time starting with eastern neighborhoods Took

            Gogiali outside city in east

(Musings On Iraq Review They Will Have to Die Now: Mosul and the Fall of the Caliphate)

2016 Report IS killed 40 fmr soldiers in town south of Mosul Rounded up civilians from southern

            town and moved them to Mosul for human shields

2016 Teachers in Sulaymaniyah restarted protests in 7 areas over KRG not paying salaries

2016 Report Nov Naqshibandi called for people of Mosul to rise up against IS Warned Hashd to

stay out of city IS formed alliance with Naqshibandi to take Mosul in 2014 After Mosul fell committee created to run city that included fmr officers Baathists insurgents Asked IS foreign fighters to leave It refused Told everyone that didn’t give it allegiance to leave Mosul or be killed IS started attacking other insurgent groups like Naqshibandi Ansar al-Sunna to drive them from Mosul

2017 Pres Barzani stepped down from office he held since 2005 due to failed independence

            referendum

(Musings On Iraq review The Great Betrayal, How America Abandoned The Kurds And Lost The Middle East)

2017 Iraq Joint Ops Command accused Kurds of walking out on talks over borders and border

            crossings

2018 Protests restarted in Basra over water crisis jobs and better governance

(Musings On Iraq Protests Return To Iraq’s Basra After Having Failed To Achieve Goals During Summer)

2018 Report Salahaddin intel officer said IS reorganizing in province along border with Ninewa

            Also active in Anbar south Kirkuk Had tunnels and hideouts

2019 Ayatollah Sistani said he stood with the protesters Said there should be elections and

referendum on constitution Led to huge increase number of protesters

(Musings On Iraq Najaf and Tehran Pick Sides In Protests)

2019 Report Ayatollah Sistani intervened in protests because mad at Iran calling protests US

Israeli Saudi plot and afraid PM Abdul Mahdi would use force again

2019 Report PM Abdul Mahdi wanted to bomb protests in Baghdad Defense Min refused Asked

Quds Force cmdr Gen Suleimani and pro-Iran Hashd for help to put down demonstrations Suleimani arrived in Baghdad end of Oct

2019 Hashd said it stood with protests but warned that they shouldn’t be manipulated by

foreigners

2019 PM Abdul Mahdi warned that if he stepped down without a replacement there could

be a civil war

2019 Badr/Fatah head Amiri said current political system failed and constitution needed to

            be amended

(Musings On Iraq Badr Organization A View Into Iraq’s Violent Past And Present)

2019 6 protesters died from being hit by tear gas canisters in Baghdad Sadr’s Saraya al-Salam

joined protests in Baghdad Other protests in Basra Dhi Qar Karbala Maysan Wasit Muthanna Najaf Qadisiya Diyala

(Musings On Iraq UN Report On Violence Against Iraqi Protesters)

(Musings On Iraq United Nations Faults Iraq For Failing To Protect Protesters)

2019 Human Rights Comm said govt not interested in ending excessive use of force as seen

by number of casualties amongst protesters

2020 Protests in Baghdad Karbala Najaf Babil Wasit Diwaniya Basra Dhi Qar Basra Muthanna

            Maysan demanding govt reforms

2021 Fatah rejected 2021 election results and the recount process Demanded ballots be recounted

manually

(Musings On Iraq Fatah Refuses To Accept Results And Recount Process Due To Poor Showing In Iraq’s Oct Election)

View the Iraq History Timelines 

No comments:

Review Return To Ruin, Iraqi Narratives of Exile and Nostalgia

Saleh, Zainab, Return To Ruin, Iraqi Narratives of Exile and Nostalgia , Stanford University Press: 2021   Return To Ruin, Iraqi Narrati...