 |
| (Wikipedia) |
1916 British forces attacked Ottomans at the Dujaila Redoubt
1917 British tried and failed to cross Diyala River on march on Baghdad
(Musings On Iraq review Enemy On The Euphrates, The Battle For Iraq 1914-1921)
(Musings On Iraq review When God Made Hell, The British Invasion of Mesopotamia and the Creation of Iraq, 1914-1921)
1920 Syrian Congress declared independence of Syria that included union with Iraq under
King Faisal
1941 German Foreign Min official Woermann wrote that Berlin should send arms to Iraq but
didn’t think Baghdad should declare war vs UK because couldn’t win
(Musings On Iraq review Persian Gulf Command, A History of the Second World War In Iran and Iraq)
(Musings On Iraq review Iraq And Syria 1941, The Politics and Strategy of the Second World War)
1950 Opposition MPs left parliament claiming they were being silenced in assembly Were
hoping to cause protests and bring down PM Suwaidi’s govt but failed
(Musings On Iraq review Independent Iraq 1932-1958, A Study in Iraqi Politics)
1959 Marches for and against Qasim in Mosul led to fighting between Communists and pan-
Arabists Army arrested 60 Communists and sympathizers
1959 Officer from Baghdad Durra met Mosul cmdr Col Shawaf Said coup moving forward but didn’t tell
other plotters Col Sirri and Col Tabaqchali the date
1959 Mosul cmdr Col Shawaf along with members of the Shammar tribe led military coup
against Gen Qasim Shawaf declared himself coup leader which led other plotters Col Sirri and Col Tabqchali not to join Made address over Mosul radio Shawaf felt ignored by Qasim Shawaf’s forces began attacking Communists
(Musings On Iraq Revolutionary Times, Gen. Qasim And Iraq’s 1958 Coup, Interview With Western Kentucky’s Prof. Juan Romero)
1959 Army commander in Baghdad didn’t join Mosul Revolt because angry Col Shawaf
declared himself leader
1963 Barzani met with govt delegation Barzani agreed to drop demand for Kurdish
autonomy for decentralization Wanted end of economic blockade end of confiscation of property withdraw army from Kurdish areas amnesty for his fighters
(Musings On Iraq review The Kurdish Revolt 1961-1970)
(Musings On Iraq review The Kurds, A Modern History)
(Musings On Iraq review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)
(Musings On Iraq review Journey Among Brave Men, Travels in Kurdistan)
(Musings On Iraq review Iraq & the Kurdish Question, 1958-70)
(Musings On Iraq review People Without A Country, The Kurds and Kurdistan)
1973 Kurdish village of Oazan-Belagh in Kirkuk forced to give land to Arabs and population
expelled
1975 Iraqi army moved into Kurdistan after Iran withdrew support for Kurds under Algiers
Accord
(Musings On Iraq review Killing Hope, U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II)
(Musings On Iraq review The Great Betrayal, How America Abandoned The Kurds And Lost The Middle East)
(Musings On Iraq review The Kurds, A Modern History)
(Musings On Iraq review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)
(Musings On Iraq review Iraq & the Kurdish Question, 1958-70)
(Musings On Iraq When The Shah and Nixon Manipulated The Kurds)
1975 KDP central committee met Decided to continue fighting Bakr govt despite Iran ending
support
1981 Iran rejected any ceasefire with Iraq Baghdad began bombing Iranian town of Ilam and
oil refinery in Khuzistan in retaliation
1984 Iraqis used mustard gas against Iranians to try to turn them back in Basra marshes
(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Use Of Chemical Weapons In Iran-Iraq War And Their Western Origin)
(Musings On Iraq Origins Of Iraq’s WMD Programs)
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)
1988 USSR submitted new proposal for negotiating end to Iran-Iraq War
(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)
(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)
(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)
(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)
(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War)
(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)
(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982)
(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)
(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)
(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)
1991 Ayatollah Khoei issued 2nd fatwa calling for clerical leadership to run Najaf and
restoring order during uprising
1991 Iraqi officials asked for WMD to put down rebellion in Najaf
1991 Bush Admin warned Iraq not to use WMD against Shiite and Kurdish uprisings after
Gulf War
1991 Govt forces began artillery and rocket fire on Najaf shrine to put down revolt
1991 Peshmerga began uprising in Sulaymaniya
1991 Saddam offered Shiites and Kurds share in govt in exchange for loyalty oath but turned
down
1991 Iranian Pres Rafsanjani said Saddam was unpopular and should give into popular
demand and step down
(Musings On Iraq interview with National Univ of Singapore’s Fanar Haddad on the Impact of the 1991 Uprising)
(Musings On Iraq Remembering The 1991 Uprising In Iraq)
(Musings On Iraq Saddam’s View of Iraq’s 1991 Uprising)
(Musings On Iraq When The US Helped Start A Rebellion In Iraq That It Didn’t Want)
1998 UN inspectors went to Special Republican Guard and Special Security Directorate US
was hoping to cause confrontation between Baghdad and UN inspectors to strike Iraq
(Musings On Iraq UN Inspectors and CIA Spying On Iraq In The 90s)
(Musings On Iraq review Endgame, Solving The Iraq Crisis)
1998 NSA intercepted Saddam’s secretary Mahmoud telling Special Security Directorate to
delay inspection at one site so documents could be removed Destroyed at another
(Musings On Iraq UN Inspectors Were Right Iraq Was Not A Threat)
(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)
(Musings On Iraq review Iraq In The Eye of the Storm)
(Musings On Iraq review Out Of The Ashes, The Resurrection of Saddam Hussein)
(Musings On Iraq review Neighbors, Not Friends, Iraq And Iran After The Gulf Wars)
2003 UK Attn Gen Lord Goldsmith said that a material breach of inspections under UN Res
1441 could be violation of UN Res 678 that authorized Gulf War and OK new war but only Security Council could determine that
(Musings On Iraq Review The Report of the Iraq Inquiry, Executive Summary)
(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Inquiry Section 3.8 Development of UK Strategy and Options, 8 to 20 March 2003)
(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Inquiry Section 5 Advice On The Legal Basis For Military Action, November 2002 To March 2003)
2003 Head UN inspector Blix Iraq doing more but not fully cooperating Still months more
work ahead Said no evidence of mobile WMD labs Iraq destroying banned missiles Showed more compliance Unaccounted for WMD still an issue
(Musings On Iraq How Iraqi Defector CURVEBALL Became Basis For US Claims That Iraq Had WMD)
(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Inquiry Section 3.7 Development of UK Strategy and Options, 1 February to 7 March 2003)
2003 IAEA chief El Baradei told UN no evidence Iraq restarted nuclear program
(Musings On Iraq How US Intelligence Created An Iraqi Nuclear Threat In 2002)
(Musings On Iraq review The WMD Mirage, Iraq’s Decade of Deception and America’s False Premise for War)
2003 IAEA concluded that aluminum tubes Iraq tried to buy were for rockets not nuke
program Aluminum tubes for centrifuges Story was false
(Musings On Iraq How A Contested Aluminum Tubes Story Became The Basis For War With Iraq)
2003 IAEA said that documents claiming Iraq tried to buy uranium from Niger were fakes
(Musings On Iraq How US Intelligence Failed The Iraq-Niger Uranium Story)
(Musings On Iraq Review Hubris, The Inside Story of Spin, Scandal, And The Selling Of The Iraq War)
2003 Sec State Powell told UN Security Council in response to IAEA that US had new proof that aluminum
tubes were for centrifuges Were for rockets
2003 UK For Sec Straw suggested UN set ultimatum for Iraq’s full cooperation with
inspectors by Mar 17 or face war
2003 2nd high level US meeting on creating an interim Iraqi authority after invasion held just
days before war Under Sec Def Feith said US should recognize an Iraqis authority as the Iraqi govt but under US consultation Said more seats on authority would be given to exiles because they understood US and democracy more than Iraqis State said US should pick members of authority Dep Sec State Armitage said forming authority should be held off CIA said no exiles should be included in authority
(Musings On Iraq review Leap of Faith, Hubris Negligence, and America’s Greatest Foreign
Policy Tragedy)
(Musings On Iraq review State of Denial, Bush At War, Part III)
(Musings On Iraq review Hard Lessons, The Iraq Reconstruction Experience)
2003 Defense Policy Board’s Adelman wrote OpEd USA Today saying US had given Iraq too
much time and needed action
2006 Anbar Revolutionaries said they’d killed 20 Al Qaeda in Iraq foreign fighters and 33
Iraqi ones Said goal was to get rid of Zarqawi
(Musings On Iraq The Demise But Not Death of Al Qaeda In Iraq)
(Musings On Iraq How A Change In Perceptions Led To The Anbar Awakening)
(Musings On Iraq review Iraq’s Sunni Insurgency)
(Musings On Iraq review The Caliphate At War, Operational Realities and Innovations of the Islamic State)
2006 Report ISI killed head of Najm tribe and his son Killed top sheikh who headed Fallujah City
Council Killed head of Jabour tribe Feb 06 more than 300 sheiks politicians clerics security officials community leaders in Hawija Kirkuk declared war on ISI
2007 Fadhila Party left United Iraqi Alliance over disagreements with leadership
2007 Report last three weeks 125 bodies were found dumped on the streets
2008 Pres Talabani visited Turkey Sign that Turkey was changing policy towards Kurds
Refused to meet with KRG Pres Barzani
2009 2nd time PM Maliki called for amending constitution to strengthen power of central govt
and himself Also criticized govt quotas
2009 Report Sex market in Baghdad selling teen girls to Syria Jordan and UAE Human rights
activists believed tens of 1000s of girls sold Govt did nothing
2009 Report Govt arrested former Baathist era army officers At same time said wanted
reconciliation with Baathists 23 arrested in Baghdad recently
(Musings On Iraq Baghdad’s Latest Reconciliation Effort)
2010 Parliamentary elections held leading to 2nd Maliki term Voter turnout was 62% vs 76%
in Dec 05
(Musings On Iraq General Voting Begins In Iraq)
(Musings On Iraq Voting Down In 2010, But Election Shows New Balance Of Power In Iraq)
2010 Report Accountability and Justice Comm was considering banning more candidates for
Baathist ties and disqualifying votes for those politicians as well
(Musings On Iraq Another DeBaathification Crisis Seems To Have Been Averted)
2010 Report Head of integrity comm said documents showed $4 bil missing from Trade Min Might
be as high as $8 bil Ministry bought old food but charged full prices and stole the difference Trade Min officials bought food at full price but took it for themselves and sold it on black market Bought cheap substitutes to replace stolen food worked with merchants to buy goods for double the price and took difference 2009 investigation found only 1/2 people were getting their full food rations from ministry
(Musings On Iraq Corruption In Iraq An Interview With Stuart Bowen Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction)
(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Trouble Fighting Corruption Interview With Vincent Foulk Former US Anti-Graft Official)
2011 Protesters in Sulaymaniyah attacked by security forces Raided tents demonstrators set up
2011 100s protested in Baghdad demanding Baghdad govt resign ISF banned TV coverage of protests 10
activists arrested afterward 100s protested in Fallujah Called for end of corruption
(Musings On Iraq Government Moves To Suppress Protests In Iraq)
2011 Pres Talabani gave speech to commemorate 1991 uprising Said Kirkuk was the Kurdish Jerusalem and
should be annexed by KRG
2011 Report Dep minister govt adv economists said govt couldn't improve economy PM’s adv on econ
affairs said major problem 4 mil govt workers Said govt had to work on investment Govt needed to protect investors/investments Help with licenses Open up land Said govt had limited investment capabilities because most of budget went to operational costs Said provinces should get more power to break centralization Economists said govt needed to reform finances Said too much corruption Ministries needed to be accountable Govt should form economic council that included economists to get better advice Member Baghdad Chamber of Commerce said govt needed financial discipline Said govt needed to plan budget based upon lower than expected oil prices to keep up with fluctuations Said budget surpluses should be kept in fund that would be used when oil prices dropped Head of central agency for statistics and Dep Planning Min said declining industries and farming were biggest problems in Iraq Said govt needed to emphasize more than just oil
2011 Najaf govt voted to make province autonomous region Said goal was to improve services
2012 Article Believed power sharing between KDP and PUK stifled development of democracy in KRG
Ended differences between two parties and help shut out other ones Agreement result of 1998 civil war 50 MP's in KRG parliament from opposition and a few from the PUK asked for investigation into claims that tariffs from border point with Turkey were given to Nechirvan Barzani Speaker turned down request Thought power sharing agreement meant PUK and KDP had to protect each other KDP media outlet criticized Pres Talabani PUK asked KDP to stop publishing outlet and it did Thought KDP and PUK should be competitors not partners
2012 Report Dep of Employment in Irbil said last 7 yrs 22,000 people asked for jobs 2011 were 3000 foreign
workers in KRG Dir of Employment Dep said Kurds didn’t want hard jobs Expected to get job from government and work side job KRG said unemployment low and went down in 2012 Gen Dir of Employment at KRG Labor Min admitted no accurate numbers on unemployment Officially 14% unemployment Economists believed was really above 20% Labor Min said it only allowed professional foreign workers to enter KRG Not true Admitted 1000s of manual laborers
2012 Report Iraqi businessman complained couldn't use credit cards in Iraq Said banks didn't use modern
methods Couldn't always cash a check Held up economic development Banking in Iraq dominated by state-run banks Some small banks but didn't operate as national businesses 7 state-run banks had 85% of assets Head of Private Banks League said state-run banks not investing in Iraq Said just handled govt accounts Nov 2011 report by investment bank said only 900 bank branches in country with over 30 mil people Jordan had over 600 branches for population only 1/5 as large World Bank said Iraqi banks gave $8.1 bil in credit in 2010 9. 8% of GDP Banks in rest of MidEast and NAfrica accounted for avg 55% of GDP Dep Central Bank of Iraq governor said state-run banks didn’t have connections between different branches Lacked computer networks Meant many businesses had to do transactions in cash Large claims of corruption at state-run banks Small banks tended to be more advanced like having ATMs Too small to have real impact Would probably take years to change system
2012 Report MP on oil comm said Oil Min’s secrecy helped smuggling Oil comm asked for greater
transparency from Oil Min 2011 report by Intl Advisory and Monitoring Board said huge amounts of oil smuggling Said Oil Min hadn’t installed meters on all its export outlets Didn't keep track of how much oil went to refineries Said lack of meters allowed smuggling Gangs tapped into oil pipelines with police protection
2012 Interior Min said attacks on emos was made-up False statement
2014 Insurgents bombed Kirkuk oil pipeline cutting northern exports
2014 Protests in Baghdad Maysan Dhi Qar Najaf Basra against new pension law which
maintained lavish payments for high officials
(Musings On Iraq More Protests In Iraq Over Pension System)
2014 Anbar’s Sheikh Sulaiman turned down amnesty offer by PM Maliki Said Maliki never followed
through with promises Sulaiman demanded army withdraw from Anbar cities Said Anbar govt illegitimate Wanted trials for ISF officers who attacked protest sites
2015 MP on Finance Comm said delays in paying govt workers in Feb because of lack of cash was
due to drop in oil prices Finance Min said spent all its cash on fighting IS
2015 ISF tribes Hashd freed Baghdadi Anbar from IS
2016 Sadrists threatened no confidence vote against PM Abadi if he didn’t announce new
govt in 45 days
(Musings On Iraq interview with Cambridge’s Michael Clark on Sadr, protests and PM Abadi’s reforms)
(Musings On Iraq Sadr Trying To Play Kingmaker In Iraq)
2017 Airstrikes blamed for deaths of 116 civilians and 140 wounded in Mosul IS executed
35 people Mass grave with 50 victims of IS found in east Mosul
(Musings On Iraq Mosul Campaign Day 141-142, Mar 6-7, 2017)
2018 100s of teachers protested in Sulaymaniya over KRG not paying them 55th protest in KRG in
last yr Result of economic crisis after Maliki govt cut off budget payments over KRG's oil policy
2018 PM Abadi said Baghdad would only pay part of KRG salaries KRG had to audit its finances
before money sent
2019 Report Turkey said would start filling new dam on Tigris despite Iraqi protests Dams in
Turkey one main cause of water shortages in Iraq
View the Iraq History Timelines
No comments:
Post a Comment