Monday, March 11, 2024

This Day In Iraqi History - Mar 11 British captured Baghdad WWI


 

1917 British army captured Baghdad Led to widespread looting Driven off by soldiers

Population then celebrated arrival of British

(Musings On Iraq review Enemy On The Euphrates, The Battle For Iraq 1914-1921)

(Musings On Iraq review When God Made Hell, The British Invasion of Mesopotamia and the Creation of Iraq, 1914-1921)

 

1922 Wahabi Ikhwan from Saudi Arabia attacked south of Nasiriya slaughtering civilians

1947 PM Said resigned Asked Salih Jabr to be next PM so he could hold power behind the scenes

1959 Nasser gave speech in Damascus attacking Communists as being against freedom not

supporting Arab nationalism and taking orders from a foreign country meaning USSR Aimed at Iraqi Communists who supported Qasim govt

(Musings On Iraq review Red Star Over Iraq, Iraqi Communism Before Saddam)

(Musings On Iraq A History Of The Iraqi Communist Party Interview With Univ of East Anglia’s Johan Franzen)

1963 Pres Arif formed govt that didn’t include Nasserites Purged them from military

1963 Deputy PM and Baath leader Saadi said Kurds would remain under govt authority for foreign

economic and military affairs during negotiations with Mullah Mustafa Barzani He said he would accept decentralization

(Musings On Iraq review The Kurds, A Modern History)

(Musings On Iraq review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)

(Musings On Iraq review The Kurdish Revolt 1961-1970)

(Musings On Iraq review Journey Among Brave Men, Travels in Kurdistan)

1970 Bakr agreed to Kurdish autonomy Included self-rule with assembly Recognized Kurdish language

Promoted Kurdish culture Kurdish vice president Share of oil revenue Barzani agreed to give up heavy weapons and have Peshmerga integrated into army

(Musings On Iraq Pres Bakr, Saddam, And Iraq’s Kurds Before The Anfal Campaign)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq Since 1958, From Revolution To Dictatorship)

(Musings On Iraq review People Without A Country, The Kurds and Kurdistan)

1970 Since fighting started in 1968 some 60,000 killed in Kurdish rebellion 300,000 displaced

1971 Was supposed to be census in Kirkuk to determine whether it would join Kurdish

autonomy region or not Never happened

1974 After talks with KDP broke down Bakr govt announced Autonomy Law for Kurdistan which KDP

rejected

1974 Around 25,000 peshmerga attacked Iraqi garrison in Zakho

1984 Report Iraq had 3 poison gas plants producing chemical weapons for Iran-Iraq War

(Musings On Iraq Origins Of Iraq’s WMD Programs)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Use Of Chemical Weapons In Iran-Iraq War And Their Western Origin)

1985 Iran bombed Baghdad and 10 other Iraqi cities Started 2nd War of Cities

1985 Iran started Op Badr trying again to cut Basra-Baghdad highway in Maysan Started with

diversionary attack then infiltration into Hoveyzah marshes Overran Iraqi 35th Division

1986 Iraqi Special Forces unit destroyed attempting to storm beaches on Faw Peninsula in Basra

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

1987 Limited Iranian attack in Basra stopped by Iraqis

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)

1988 Iran and Iraq signed truce in war of cities in Ankara Didn’t last War of Cities went on for another

month

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1991 Shiite uprising in Hillah put down

1991 Rebels from Najaf met French forces who said they would meet Gen Schwarzkopf Never happened

1991 Kurdish uprising started in Irbil

1991 Masoud Barzani offered amnesty for soldiers who surrendered to Peshmerga

1991 Peshmerga began attacking Kirkuk, Iraqi army responded by taking hostages inside city

(Musings On Iraq interview with National Univ of Singapore’s Fanar Haddad on the Impact of the 1991 Uprising)

(Musings On Iraq Remembering The 1991 Uprising In Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq Saddam’s View of Iraq’s 1991 Uprising)

1992 Saddam said Kurds could not hold elections for parliament until they gave up protection of

Coalition forces

1992 Iraq objected to UN inspections claiming they were trying to deindustrialize country by

blocking use of dual use equipment

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Rejection of UN Inspectors Led To Mistrust Over WMD and 2003 Invasion)

1995 PUK suicide bomber hit KDP headquarters in Zakho

2002 PM Blair told VP Cheney UK would support US action to remove Saddam

(Musings On Iraq Review The Report of the Iraq Inquiry, Executive Summary)

(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Report Section 3.2 Development of UK Iraq Strategy and Options, January to April 2002 – “Axis of Evil” to Crawford)

2003 Bush and NSC met Agreed to keep Iraqi police

2003 Def Sec Rumsfeld said US could attack Iraq by itself without other nations Said British might not

participate

2003 UK Embassy in US furious that Sec Def Rumsfeld said British might not take part in war and

complained to White House

2003 Sec Def Rumsfeld forced to issue clarification saying British would take part in Iraq war

2003 PM Blair said Britain would help in any US attack upon Iraq

(Musings On Iraq Chilcot Inquiry Section 3.8 Development of UK Strategy and Options, 8 to 20 March 2003)

2003 UK acknowledged couldn't get 2nd UN resolution authorizing force against Iraq before US timetable

for war

2003 UK Chief of Def Staff Adm Boyce said military needed legal directive for war with Iraq

2003 CIA assessment said it didn’t dispute IAEA finding that Iraq-Niger uranium docs were fakes

(Musings On Iraq review The WMD Mirage, Iraq’s Decade of Deception and America’s False Premise for War)

2003 CIA WMD division said it didn’t dispute IAEA finding that Iraq-Niger uranium docs were fakes

and always considered intel on story fragmentary

(Musings On Iraq How US Intelligence Failed The Iraq-Niger Uranium Story)

(Musings On Iraq Review Hubris, The Inside Story of Spin, Scandal, And The Selling Of The Iraq War)

2003 ORHA head Garner told press US would keep Iraqi army and would quickly turn over control of

country to Iraqis When asked Garner dismissed talk about US turning over power to Chalabi and INC

(Musings On Iraq review Leap of Faith, Hubris Negligence, and America’s Greatest Foreign Policy

Tragedy)

(Musings On Iraq review The Endgame, The Inside Story of the Struggle for Iraq, from

George W. Bush to Barack Obama)

(Musings On Iraq review Hard Lessons, The Iraq Reconstruction Experience)

(Musings On Iraq Overview of America’s Policy Towards Iraq: From The Clinton Years To The

Sectarian War of 2006)

2003 DepDefSec Wolfowitz and UnderSecDef Feith chastised ORHA head Garner for comments about

INC Garner later told by Pentagon he could no longer talk to the press

(Musings On Iraq review Losing Iraq, Inside The Post War Reconstruction Fiasco)

(Musings On Iraq review The Man Who Pushed America To War, The Extraordinary Life, Adventures, and Obsessions of Ahmad Chalabi)

(Musings On Iraq review Arrows of the Night: Ahmad Chalabi and the Selling of the Iraq War)

2003 Natl Sec Adv Rice issued memo on postwar Iraq plans Said interim Iraqi authority would be created

Meeting in Baghdad to be held to bring in more Iraqis to authority

(Musings On Iraq Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction’s “Hard Lessons” – Part I: Planning for Postwar Iraq September 2001 to May 2003)

(Musings On Iraq Overview of America’s Policy Towards Iraq: From The Clinton Years To The

Sectarian War of 2006)

(Musings On Iraq review State of Denial, Bush At War, Part III)

2004 UK envoy to Iraq John Drawers said US had no leadership strategy or coordination

(Musings On Iraq Review The Report of the Iraq Inquiry, Executive Summary)

2004 Iran intel opened Office to Help Poor Shiites as front office in Najaf Recruited Iraqis

(Musings On Iraq Iran’s Policy Towards Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq US Army History Of Iraq War Vol 1- Chapter 11 The Gathering Storm)

2007 US Emb report 11 ministries and Central Bank of Iraq using Article 136(b) of Criminal Code to

block up to 48 investigations and corruption cases Sep 06-Feb 07 PM Maliki blocked corruption cases to help political allies

(Musings On Iraq Corruption In Iraq An Interview With Stuart Bowen Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Trouble Fighting Corruption Interview With Vincent Foulk Former US Anti-Graft Official)

2008 Report Awakening had broken up into 3 main factions under Sheikh Abu Risha Sheik Suleiman

and Sheikh Hayes They were fighting for political power in both Anbar and in Baghdad

(Musings On Iraq Anbar’s Forgotten Sheikh)

(Musings On Iraq review Illusions of Victory, The Anbar Awakening And The Rise Of The Islamic State)

2008 Mahdi Army fought ISCI controlled police in Kut after they raided Sadrist areas Clashes in several

other southern cities ISCI leader in Babil assassinated Sadr said that Mahdi Army could use arms in self defense leading to new round of conflict

2009 PM Maliki blamed all corruption in Iraq on Saddam Said his govt would work on being

transparent to counter graft

(Musings On Iraq Maliki Says More Transparency Needed But Takes No Responsibility For Corruption)

2010 US captured ISI governor for Baghdad Rawi who provided intel that led to killing of ISI leaders

Masri and Baghdadi

(Musings On Iraq Al Qaeda In Iraq Takes More Losses, But Keeps On Ticking)

(Musings On Iraq How Long Can Al Qaeda In Iraq Last?)

2010 State Dept annual human rights report said 09 PM Maliki went after Sunnis in Diyala Warrants for 4

provincial council members dep governor MP Special Forces raided provincial govt and arrested council member and Dep governor

2011 4,000 protested in Sulaymaniya demanding reforms 1 man tried to light himself on fire but stopped

(Musings On Iraq interview with journalist Wladimir Van Wilgenburg on 2011 KRG protests)

2011 KDP held rally against on going protests

(Musings On Iraq How Iraq’s Kurdistan Broke Up Two Months Of Protests)

2011 Protests in Baghdad Fallujah Basra Najaf Hillah Ramadi Nasiriya calling for reforms end to

corruption services jobs Communists led protest in Baghdad

2011 Maliki govt said it would meet electricity demand by 2014 Didn’t happen Claimed ISF were killed

and wounded by protesters

(Musings On Iraq Government Moves To Suppress Protests In Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq No Closer To Solving Its Electricity Problems)

2011 Report sahwa leader in Garma Anbar said half his fighters had left because didn’t think Baghdad

would employ them All sahwa were supposed to be integrated into govt by end of 2010 but delayed due to election Nothing happened afterward

(Musings On Iraq No Date Set For When Iraqi Government Will Begin Hiring Sons Of Iraq Again)

2012 KRG said it wanted to produce 1 mil/bar/day of oil by 2014 and 2 mil/bar/day by 2019 Didn’t

happen Meant to draw in investors

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Kurds Push For More Oil Production, While Bickering With Baghdad Over Exports)

2012 ISCI and Badr officially split into 2 parties

(Musings On Iraq Badr Organization A View Into Iraq’s Violent Past And Present)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Badr Organization Maintains Its Longtime Ties With Iran)

(Musings On Iraq The Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council And Badr Brigade Formally Split)

2013 Anbar council voted to delay provincial elections there due to security concerns

2015 IS launched new offensive to take Ramadi

(Musings On Iraq Iraq Goes On The Offensive In Salahaddin, Kirkuk and Anbar)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Ramadi Has Not Fallen But The Islamic State Has Gained Ground)

(Musings On Iraq interview with Ahmed Ali on fall of Ramadi)

2015 Sadr said Hashd and ISF should be punished for torture and abuse Liberated areas needed to be

rebuilt Said his militia would help restore services in some freed places Response to social media postings of killings and abuses by security forces

2015 Salahaddin council admitted that some houses were burned during security ops but said

they all belonged to IS members Response to Hashd destroying houses

(Musings On Iraq review A Stranger in Your Own City, Travels in the Middle East’s Long War)

(Musings On Iraq Human Rights Watch Finds Iraq Government Forces Destroyed Tikrit Area After Its Recapture)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq Goes On The Offensive In Salahaddin, Kirkuk and Anbar)

(Musings On Iraq Divisions Over Iraq War Exposed In Victory In Tikrit)

2015 Report Photos being posted by ISF and Hashd on social media of killing prisoners Dead IS

fighters tied to Humvees and then heads cut off Civilians being executed

2015 Report Mass grave found in Albu Ajeel Salahaddin with 300-400 bodies Some believed

they were from IS massacre of cadets at Camp Speicher after Mosul fell

2016 Sadrists protested again in Baghdad demanding reforms

(Musings On Iraq interview with Cambridge’s Michael Clark on Sadr, protests and PM Abadi’s reforms)

2016 UNHCR said KRG forcing displaced into camps and not allowing them to leave 

2017 Golden Div and Federal Police attacked Old City Mosul from 3 axes

(Musings On Iraq Mosul Campaign Day 146, Mar 11, 2017)

2017 Pres Barzani said Kurdish independence would come about via dialogue Said disputed areas

Kurds had occupied during war vs IS had to determine their own future Said since Iraq created had abused Kurds and that continued since 2003

(Musings On Iraq review The Great Betrayal, How America Abandoned The Kurds And Lost The Middle East)

(Musings On Iraq review Quicksilver War, Syria, Iraq and the Spiral of Conflict)

2017 Hashd found mass grave near Badush prison Ninewa with 100s of bodies IS reportedly

killed 600 prisoners when it took prison in 2014

2018 2 Pro-Abadi MPs said that parliament added too much govt spending to 2018 budget which World

Bank objected to and admitted IMF had problems with budget as well

2018 Ninewa council called for all armed groups to leave Sinjar Aimed at PKK who didn’t leave

2019 Iranian Pres Rouhani came to Iraq to increase economic ties to avoid US sanctions

2020 Kataib Hezbollah fired rockets at Camp Taji in Baghdad Killed 2 American and 1

British soldier and 1 US contractor 6th such incident in 2020

(Musings On Iraq Tit For Tat Between U.S. and Pro-Iran Hashd Continues)

(Musings On Iraq Instrument Of Iran’s Power In Iraq And Syria Kataib Hezbollah)

(Musings On Iraq As Talk Of Expelling US Forces From Iraq Dies Down Attacks Upon Americans Pick Up)

2020 2 activists assassinated in Maysan Protesters burned Asaib Ahl Al-Haq office in response

(Musings On Iraq Asaib Ahl Al-Haq From A Breakaway Sadr Militia To Defenders Of Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq UN Report On Violence Against Iraqi Protesters)

(Musings On Iraq United Nations Faults Iraq For Failing To Protect Protesters)

2021 Sadr called for protecting protesters Said he was against kidnapping and assassinating

activists Sadr had followers join protests then turned on them and attacked them Now tried to reconcile with them

2021 Protests in Maysan and Muthanna after activist assassinated in Maysan

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This Day In Iraqi History Nov 20 Pres Arif put down Baathist revolt

  1914 Arab tribes told British forces Ottomans had abandoned Basra British forces set out to take city