Thursday, April 20, 2023

This Day In Iraqi History - Apr 21 Coalition Provisional Authority created to run post-war Iraq


 

1802 Wahabi army from Arabia sacked Karbala 2,000-5,000 killed

1917 Battle of Istabulat in Diyala started with Ottomans being defeated British also started

attack upon Samarra

1920 News of British setbacks along Syrian-Iraq frontier arrived in Tal Afar leading to anti-British activity

1926 Turks told British they no longer wanted Mosul just a stake in the province’s oil

(Musings On Iraq How The Ottoman Province Of Mosul Became Part Of Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq interview with Princeton’s Sara Pursley on Sykes-Picot and creation of Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq review The Creation of Iraq 1914-1921)

(Musings On Iraq review Supremacy And Oil, Iraq, Turkey, and the Anglo-American World Order, 1918-1930)

1936 Tribal revolt in Rumaitha

1941 PM Gaylani asked UK Amb that no more British troops land in Iraq and they all had to leave

Iraq

1941 Hitler told military aid to Iraq could only be delivered by air and that would require stop in

Syria and approval of Vichy France Hitler got intel of large British forces in Iraq and more arriving so was skeptical of providing aid to Gaylani govt

(Musings On Iraq review Rashid Ali al-Gailani, The National Movement in Iraq 1939-1941)

(Musings On Iraq review Persian Gulf Command, A History of the Second World War In Iran and Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq 1941, The Battles for Basra, Habbaniya, Fallujah and Baghdad)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq And Syria 1941, The Politics and Strategy of the Second World War)

(Musings On Iraq interview World War II In Iraq and Syria Interview With Case Western’s Prof Broich)

1954 PM Jamali resigned over disagreement with Nuri al-Said about Syrian elections Jamali wanted to

influence vote with propaganda Said thought that was waste of money Jamali also accused of being pro-Shiite

(Musings On Iraq review Ropes Of Sand)

(Musings On Iraq review The Chatham House Version and other Middle-Eastern Studies)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraqi Statesman, A portrait of Mohammed Fadhel Jamali)

1981 Kuwait gave Iraq $2 bil interest free loan to help pay for Iran-Iraq War

1985 Saddam offered another ceasefire in war Iran continued to demand Saddam step down and

repatriation of Shiites back to Iraq

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1987 Iraqi 5th Corps began 1st phase of collectivizing in Kurdistan Destroyed towns and forced people

into govt run villages 661 villages affected 200,000 displaced

(Musings On Iraq Pres Bakr, Saddam, And Iraq’s Kurds Before The Anfal Campaign)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq in Wartime, Soldiering, Martyrdom, and Remembrance)

1991 Iraqi govt forces began attack on southern marshes in Maysan Basra and Dhi Qar to root out

rebels

2002 Telegraph reported Iraq supported Ansar al-Islam Al Qaeda affiliate in Kurdistan Story spread

by PUK

(Musings On Iraq Why Didn’t Bush Strike Zarqawi And Ansar al-Islam In 2002?)

2003 Marines left Tikrit Thought 4th Inf Div that was to take over city would undo progress it

made with Iraqis

2003 ORHA staff and head Garner entered Baghdad Gen Franks had kept them out He didn’t want

civilians to get in way of military

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq and Back, Inside The War To Win The Peace)

(Musings On Iraq Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction Hard Lessons Ch 5 ORHA In Baghdad)

2003 CPA created to take over running Iraq for US replacing ORHA

(Musings On Iraq review State of Denial, Bush At War, Part III)

(Musings On Iraq review Leap of Faith, Hubris Negligence, and America’s Greatest Foreign Policy Tragedy)

(Musings On Iraq review Hard Lessons, The Iraq Reconstruction Experience)

(Musings On Iraq review A Short History of Iraq)

2003 Rumsfeld took advice of Gen Franks and cancelled sending 50,000 additional troops to

Iraq from 1st Cavalry Div Franks said allies would soon send forces to take over Iraq and US had enough troops already

2003 5,000 Sadrists protested arrest of its cleric Fartusi by U.S.

2003 Report US officials said US would be out of Iraq soon and that an Iraqi govt would be in place

in months

2003 NYTimes claimed Iraq destroyed WMD right before war Moved rest to Syria Said Iraqi scientist

provided by INC told Americans Iraq had been working on WMD for yrs Led soldiers to banned precursors Scientist hadn’t worked on WMD since 1989 and story false

2003 UK Foreign Sec Straw told PM Blair he was skeptical evidence of Iraq’s WMD wound be found

Thought it might be destroyed

(Musings On Iraq Review The Report of the Iraq Inquiry, Executive Summary)

2003 2 US congressmen went to Syria and got Assad’s promise not to harbor any Baathists and expel

those that tried to flee there

2004 5 car bombs in Basra and Abu al-Khasib 68 killed

2004 CIA analyst told Congress no working relationship between Iraq and Al Qaeda

2004 Report Mar 04 CPA memo said Iraqi Governing Council failure because corruption Nepotism

Called for removal of 4 corrupt ministers Criticized Bremer for trying to centralize power Said progress was made by Iraqis despite the CPA not because of it

(Musings On Iraq review The Occupation of Iraq, Winning The War, Losing The Peace)

(Musings On Iraq review Squandered Victory, The American Occupation And the Bungled Effort to Bring Democracy to Iraq)

2004 Def Sec Rumsfeld and Dep Def Sec Wolfowitz told CENTCOM cmdr Gen Abizaid that

another attack upon Fallujah would begin soon Abizaid objected claiming it would inflame Sunnis

2006 United Iraqi Alliance nominated Dawa’s Nouri al-Maliki as new PM Mahmoud Mashadani of

Accordance Front would become Speaker of Parliament

(Musings On Iraq The Life Of Nouri al-Maliki An Interview With Journalist Ned Parker)

2008 Oil Minister Shahristani objected to Kurds’ independent oil deals

(Musings On Iraq Criticism of Iraq’s Oil Policy) 
2008 US general said if Sadr didn’t hold back Mahdi Army US would fight them

2009 Report VP Cheney Sec Def Rumsfeld pushed torture on captured Al Qaeda members to find

Iraq-Al Qaeda connections CIA told White House no connection but rejected

2009 Senate Comm report Abu Ghraib abuse not result of individual US soldiers but came

from top Interrogation techniques adopted after Def Sec Rumsfeld approved them for Guantanamo Jan 03 US forces put in charge of prisons used Rumsfeld’s list of techniques Sep 03 Lawyer warned techniques could violate Geneva Convention Were also used in other prisons by US forces

2010 State of Law said Sadr reason no new govt after elections because Sadr opposed to PM Maliki

2nd term

2011 Human Rights Watch report Govt arrested and tortured protesters in Baghdad Fired into crowds

and held some in secret prison at Muthanna Airport

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq After America, Strongmen, Sectarians, Resistance)

2011 Drive by shooting on opposition radio station that supported protests in Sulaymaniya

2011 2 offices of Kurdistan Islamic Group attacked in Sulaymaniya  Sulaymaniya councilman from

Kurdistan Islamic Union had car blown up KIU said govt not dealing with demands of protesters

(Musings On Iraq interview with journalist Wladimir Van Wilgenburg on 2011 KRG protests)

2011 Lawyers protested in Fallujah demanding US withdrawal and release of prisoners

2011 Army clashed with Gov Nujafi’s bodyguards trying to stop protest in Mosul against US

occupation and demanded release of prisoners Army imposed curfew on city

2011 PM Maliki told US joint chiefs head Adm Mullen ISF could handle security after

            US withdrawal Mullen in Iraq to lobby for US forces to remain in Iraq after withdrawal date

(Musings On Iraq U.S. Steps Up Efforts To Let Troops Stay In Iraq Past Withdrawal Date)

(Musings On Iraq review The Endgame, The Inside Story of the Struggle for Iraq, from

George W. Bush to Barack Obama)

2011 5,000 Sadrists held march in Basra to commemorate formation of Mahdi Army

(Musings On Iraq Iraq May See The Return of Sadr’s Mahdi Army)

(Musings On Iraq U.S. Steps Up Efforts To Let Troops Stay In Iraq Past Withdrawal Date)

2012 National Alliance meeting about PM Maliki Said he had to respect Election Commission Central

Bank of Iraq Office of Financial Supervision Integrity Comm Media Comm Came after Maliki arrested head of Election Comm

2013 PM Maliki blamed anti-govt protests for increase in violence in country

(Musings On Iraq Understanding Iraq’s Protest Movements, An Interview With Kirk Sowell, Editor of Inside Iraqi Politics)

2013 Protest leader in Hawija said army had arrested 114 demonstrators after

checkpoint was attacked Clashes killed 1 protester 1 soldier Wounded 3 protesters 2 soldiers 1 policeman ISF blocking food and supplies entering protest camp

(Musings On Iraq Hawija The Moment Iraq’s Insurgency Was Reborn)

2013 Meeting between MPs from Hawija and army failed to resolve dispute with protests Army

demanded those that attacked checkpoint be turned over Hawija protest spokesman said they weren’t involved in attack Site run by Naqshibandi that wanted to provoke violence and turn protesters towards insurgency

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Resurgent Insurgency Interview With Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi)

2014 Report Lack of infrastructure and storage capacity hindering oil industry Corruption and

bureaucracy slowed projects Whenever bad weather oil companies told to reduce production because no storage capacity to store oil that couldn’t be exported

2015 Pres Barzani and other KRG politicians complained about PKK being in Sinjar Claimed trying to

take over district

2015 Report Asst Sec of Terrorist Financing at US Treasury said IS sold most of its oil to Assad

govt

2015 IS attacked Sahl al-Milh in Ninewa Next day Peshmerga kicked out Sunnis looted and

burned homes

2017 Report Coalition carried out 20,205 airstrikes in Iraq and Syria 2014-17 Admitted to killing

229 civilians Airwars counted 552 strikes that killed 3,111 people Were another 610 strikes that were contested or single sourced that claimed deaths Sharp increase in deaths suggested change of rules in engagement by Trump admin

(Musings On Iraq review Degrade And Destroy, The Inside Story Of The War Against the Islamic State, From Barack Obama To Donald Trump)

2017 Report Qatar hunting party included members of royal family kidnapped by Kataib Hezbollah

Dec 2015 released Were used to bargain population transfer in 4 Syrian towns Talks included Qatar Syria pro-Iran Hashd Hezbollah Iran Qatar also paid millions in ransom PM Abadi said kidnapping was an insult to Iraq

(Musings On Iraq Instrument Of Iran’s Power In Iraq And Syria Kataib Hezbollah)

2017 PM Abadi responded to Abbas Combat Div complaint that Hashd office removed 153 of its

members from payroll July 2017 doc published from Hashd leader Abu Muhandis ordered salary cuts for 5 Hashd brigades loyal to Najaf

2018 Peshmerga Min got $365 from US to pay Peshmerga salaries 2017 got $415 mil from US

2018 Report Sr Defense Min official said IS operating in east Diyala south Kirkuk Anbar desert north Salahaddin Ambushing patrols Attacking highway traffic Said IS couldn’t launch large attacks like used to

2020 Basra Oil Company warned subcontractors about firing workers Happened after

company asked oil corporations to cut budgets by 30% due to financial crisis brought on by collapse of oil market

2020 Planning Min opened job program in cooperation with Central Bank of Iraq Said

would create 1 mil new govt jobs in 3 yrs Came during financial crisis when govt couldn’t pay govt salaries and pensions

2021 Report Exxon wanted to sell its stake in West Qurna 1 to 2 Chinese companies Oil Min

wanted Exxon to buy stake but uninterested Exxon originally had 60% share in West Qurna 1 after won bid in 2009 Exxon sold part of its shares in 2013 2018 Shell sold its shares Part of major oil companies withdrawing from Iraq due to red tape slow payments lack of infrastructure

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