Monday, October 28, 2024

This Day In Iraqi History - Oct 28 Iraqi Forces massacred protesters in Karbala Over 800 casualties


 

1913 Secret Al-Ahd Association of Ottoman officers formed Included many Iraqis that would

become leaders and prime ministers under monarchy such as Nuri al-Said Yasin Hashemi Jamil Midfai and others Called for Arab autonomy

 

1914 Gen Delamain cmdr UK 6th Div in India made plans to seize Faw in Basra

1915 British attacked Kutuniya as part of campaign to take Kut Turks and Arabs retreated

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq In World War I, From Ottoman Rule to British Conquest)

(Musings On Iraq review When God Made Hell, The British Invasion of Mesopotamia and the Creation of Iraq, 1914-1921)

1918 British defeated Turks at Shirqat

1933 PM Gaylani resigned to maintain unity of Patriotic Brotherhood Party which was split by

personal rivalries between ministers vying for power Gaylani also wanted parliament dissolved King Ghazi said no

1934 King Ghazi addressed Iraq Said he would hear people’s complaints and requests each week

1936 Chief of staff Gen Latif gave letter from him and Gen Sidqi asking PM Hashemi to resign

            to Hikmat Sulaiman to pass along to King Ghazi

1952 Opposition United Popular Front National Democratic Party Independent Party sent

petition to Regent Demanded he stay out of politics Give political freedoms Start direct elections

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq’s Democratic Moment)

(Musings On Iraq review The Other Iraq, Pluralism and Culture in Hashemite Iraq)

1952 Royal palace said reforms necessary Regent said he would accept advice on matter

1980 Major fighting ended in Khorramshahr with Iraqis in control Iraq lost 2,000 dead 6,000

wounded Iran lost 1,500 dead Heavy losses meant Iraq gave up assault on Abadan to secure eastern shore of Shatt al-Arab and decided to surround city instead City was supposed to be taken in 1st wk of war Took 1 month

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1980 Iranian navy made raids on Faw oil facilities in Basra

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq Naval War, Volume 1: Opening Blows September-November 1980)

1987 Soviet diplomat Vorontsov made another trip to Iran and Iraq to try to negotiate end to war

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1997 Iraq National Assembly said inspections should be stopped until deadline given to end

sanctions Saddam said Iraq would cooperate with inspections if they respected Iraqi sovereignty

(Musings On Iraq review The Greatest Threat, Iraq, Weapons of Mass Destruction, And The Growing Crisis Of Global Security)

2001 Columnist George Will told ABC that Saddam vowed revenge against US Had anthrax

Loved WMD Had terrorist training camps including practicing taking over airplanes Last claim came from INC defectors and false Said 9/11 hijacker Atta met with Iraqi diplomat Never happened

(Musings On Iraq Overview of America’s Policy Towards Iraq: From The Clinton Years To The

Sectarian War of 2006)

2002 Sec Def Rumsfeld met with Gen Franks Joint chiefs head Gen Pace Under Sec Def

Feith to discuss how to define victory in Iraq Rumsfeld wanted to make sure US said Iraqis would take lead in creating their own govt and institutions Talked about postwar Saddam state Said Gen Franks would be in charge of Iraq right after invasion which meant CENTCOM had to work with White House on postwar plans

2003 Bush speech said Iraq frontline of war on terror and would take time to win

(Musings On Iraq review The War Within, A Secret White House History 2006-2008)

2003 Def Sec Rumsfeld and Joint Chiefs Vice Chairman Gen Pace said US had to return

            sovereignty as soon as possible and get Iraqis to run things

2003 Sec State Powell said security number one priority in postwar Iraq otherwise nothing else

            would matter

2003 Bremer met with NSC Bremer wanted constitution and elections by end of 05 Pentagon

wanted quick transfer of sovereignty Bremer later admitted his timeline was too long for White House

(Musings On Iraq review My Year in Iraq, The Struggle to Build a Future of Hope)

2003 CENTCOM head Gen Abizaid briefed Joint Chiefs Said insurgency made up of 4000

former regime members 2000 from Ansar al-Islam Unknown number of foreign fighters Intel officer in Iraq thought those numbers undercount

(Musings On Iraq US Army History Of Iraq War Vol 1 – Chapter 9 Down The Spider Hole, October-December 2003)

(Musings On Iraq review The U.S. Army In The Iraq War: Volume 1, Invasion, Insurgency, Civil

War, 2003-2006)

2005 Bush speech said Iraq central front in war on terror against Al Qaeda and US would have

complete victory US strategy was for withdrawal not winning

(Musings On Iraq Did the US Ever Have A Strategy To Win In Iraq Before the Surge?)

(Musings On Iraq review The Endgame, The Inside Story of the Struggle for Iraq, from

George W. Bush to Barack Obama)

(Musings On Iraq review The War Within, A Secret White House History 2006-2008)

(Musings On Iraq review What Happened, Inside the Bush White House and Washington’s Culture of Deception)

(Musings On Iraq review The Strongest Tribe, War, Politics, and the Endgame in Iraq)

2005 VP Cheney chief of staff Libby indicted on obstruction perjury false statements for

            retaliating vs Fmr Amb Wilson over Iraq-Niger deal

(Musings On Iraq How US Intelligence Failed The Iraq-Niger Uranium Story)

(Musings On Iraq Review Hubris, The Inside Story of Spin, Scandal, And The Selling Of The Iraq War)

2006 PM Maliki-Bush talked 50 min to overcome rift after Maliki objected to Amb Khalilzad’s

benchmarks for Maliki govt Agreed to create committee to speed up training of ISF and turning over security to Iraqis

(Musings On Iraq review The U.S. Army In The Iraq War: Volume 1, Invasion, Insurgency, Civil

War, 2003-2006)

2006 ISI launched first chlorine bomb

2006 Spec Insp Gen for Iraq Recon report US hadn’t trained enough Def and Interior Min

personnel to handle logistics Didn’t think ISF would be ready to handle own logistics by Jan 08 deadline it set

2006 During UK Op Sinbad in Basra Iraqi 10th Division only contributed two dozen soldiers PM Maliki

            opposed operation

(Musings On Iraq US Army History Iraq War Vol 1 – Chapter 22 – The Failed Transition)

2007 Report Interior Min refused to train senior officers at Habaniya Police Center aimed at

incorporating Awakening into ISF US pushed govt to hire 6,000 Diyala Sahwa into ISF but Interior Min refused Interior Min did hire 548 that were mostly Shiites Interior Min sent 663 Shiite police to Tal Afar Ninewa police chief said that disrupted effort to have more balanced provincial police force Anbar proposed 9,000 Awakening be hired into police Interior Min okayed 5,000

(Musings On Iraq Diyala Province Backgrounder)

(Musings On Iraq review Surge, My Journey with General David Petraeus and the Remaking of the Iraq War)

2007 US commander northern Iraq Gen Mixon complained PM Maliki agreed to hire 6,000

            Diyala Sahwa into police in April 07 but never happened

2008 Report PM Maliki tried to set up Tribal Support Council in Khanaqin Diyala Maliki tried to

assert federal control over district run by Kurds for months Maliki also just said he was closing all councils

(Musings On Iraq Maliki Still Pushing The Kurds On Khanaqin District)

(Musings On Iraq Argument For Maliki Being Iraq’s Next Strongman)

(Musings On Iraq Disputes Over Tribal Support Councils)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq After America, Strongmen, Sectarians, Resistance)

2008 Last Polish troops withdrew from Iraq Were stationed in Diwaniya 1st deployed troops

            during 2003 invasion

2008 US general in charge of Mosul said Maliki govt’s reconstruction plan after Op Mother of

            Two Springs was a failure

2008 Report Iraq’s bureaucracy lacked skilled workers Didn’t have procurement budgeting

contracting expertise Many skilled workers left due to war Baghdad counted money allocated but not spent as spent in budget

2008 US Cmdr in Iraq Gen Odierno said Iran might have bribed Iraqi parliamentarians to

vote against US-Iraq Status of Forces Agreement

2008 Report Dec 07 US okayed Turkish attack on PKK in KRG

2010 Reuters survey of oil experts predicted Iraq would reach 2.5 mil/bar/day in production by

2011 Predicted 4.6 mil/bar/day by 2015 Security and lack of infrastructure hindered production Oil Min Shahristani predicted 4 mil/bar/day by 2013 Oil Min said it would reach 12 mil/bar/day by 2017 after signed oil contracts in 09

2010 Kurdish politician Othman said Kurdish Coalition came out for 2nd term for PM Maliki

            Held talks with Iraqiya to form national unity govt Iraqiya still rejected Maliki

2011 2 protests shut down highways in Anbar against firing of govt workers over Baathist pasts 3

protests in Salahaddin to support provincial govt push to make it a region

2013 Sadr said PM Maliki was backing Asaib Ahl Al-Haq Told followers not to clash with group

Two fought in Baghdad 1 Asaib Ahl Al-Haq member killed Sadrist families were forced out afterward and had homes blown up Asaib Ahl Al-Haq filed lawsuit against 17 Sadrists Sadr asked Asaib Ahl Al-Haq members to return to his movement

(Musings On Iraq Asaib Ahl Al-Haq From A Breakaway Sadr Militia To Defenders Of Iraq)

2013 Report ISF security ops alienated people and pushed them towards insurgents Think

tank analyst said Iraq had no strategy to deal with insurgency Risk analyst said Iraq using short term tactics without long term view

2013 Report ISI was trying to co-opt Sunni protests Believed to have assassinated 4 leaders in

Mosul Protests stalled after provincial elections Oct ISI gunmen showed up at Ramadi protest site Anbar protests tried to counter ISI by starting talks with Maliki govt Protests divided

2014 Parliament’s integrity comm said Displaced Comm run by Dep PM Mutlaq was stealing

money Said wasn’t providing aid or services to displaced

2014 Report KRG upgraded oil pipeline to Turkey Was exporting 290,000 bar/day Natural

Resource Min said wanted to reach 1 mil/bar/day by 2015 KRG was connecting two Kirkuk fields it seized after fall of Mosul to its pipeline

(Musings On Iraq Iraqi Kurdistan’s Failed Independent Oil Strategy)

2014 Report Quds Force Gen Suelimani and 200 Iranian soldiers went to Salahaddin to help with

ops to retake Baiji and Tikrit Went with Badr’s Amiri

(Musings On Iraq Iranian Revolutionary Guards’ Commander General Suleimani And His Role In Iraq, An Interview With The New Yorker’s Dexter Filkins)

2015 Report Up to $500 bil ½ of Iraq’s revenue from 2006-14 went missing under PM Maliki

Fmr Def Min Shalan Fmr Trade Min Sudani Fmr Electricity Min Samarrie all charged with corruption

(Musings On Iraq Corruption In Iraq An Interview With Stuart Bowen Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Trouble Fighting Corruption Interview With Vincent Foulk Former US Anti-Graft Official)

2015 Report Dawa split between pro-West faction of PM Abadi and pro-Iran group of VP Maliki

His bloc withdrew support for Abadi over appointment of cabinet secretary Abadi called Maliki “leader of necessity” like Saddam Said he bought votes

2015 Report 2750 guards for president and vice presidents 21000 guards for parliament and

ministers Each MP had 20 guards and 5 armored vehicles

2015 PM Abadi said Iraq had 40 trl dinars from oil sales Wasn’t enough to cover 50 tril dinars

needed for salaries and pensions Called for cutting govt workers and pensions

2016 KRG PM Barzani replaced 4 Gorran ministers with 4 KDP politicians in dispute over Pres

Barzani’s term

2018 Report Corruption in shipping and loading depts customs officers ISF and staff at

border crossings

2018 Report May Abdul Mahdi posted on Facebook that he didn’t want to be PM Said

politics were toxic making it impossible to govern Then he became PM Parliament approved 14 of his 22 ministers MPs weren’t given time to go over nominees Gave out one sheet resumes of each

2019 Parliament voted to dissolve provincial district and local councils and allow governors

to run governorates Not enforced

2019 5 protesters killed in Baghdad by ISF Total of 74 killed in Iraq so far Curfew in

Baghdad ignored Basra city Zubayr West Qurna protests in Basra MPs house in Dhi Qar attacked Protests in Nasiriya Shatra Gharraf in Dhi Qar Protest in Maysan Sit ins continued in Samawa and Rumaitha in Muthanna Sit in started in Najaf but broken up by police March in Diwaniya Student strike spread from Baghdad to Karbala Qadisiya Muthanna

(Musings On Iraq Iraq Protests Get Huge Boost As Students And Professional Groups Join In)

(Musings On Iraq UN Report On Violence Against Iraqi Protesters)

(Musings On Iraq United Nations Faults Iraq For Failing To Protect Protesters)

2019 Solidarity protests in Kirkuk Tikrit Baquba

2019 Karbala sit in site attacked by security forces Arrested people Took down tents Shot

into crowd Killed 35 Wounded around 800

(Musings On Iraq Massacre Of Karbala Protesters As Talk Begins Of PM Abdul Mahdi Resigning)

2019 Bar Assoc Engineers Assoc Teachers Union secondary and university students in Babil

Basra Dhi Qar Karbala Maysan Muthanna Qadisiya Wasit joined protests

2019 Councilmen in Najaf Dhi Qar Diyala resigned to support protests

2019 Sadr called for early elections to replace PM Abdul Mahdi

2019 Parliament said it would create committee to amend constitution in 4 months to

appeal to protests Didn’t happen

2019 Baghdad activist kidnapped and disappeared

2020 Protests in Baghdad Dhi Qar Muthanna Diwaniya Basra over killed demonstrators and

demanding early elections reforms and against corruption

2021 KRG PM Barzani said Baghdad owed it $3.1 bil from budget Said it was illegal for

Baghdad to cut off payments in 2020 KRG was cut off for not meeting oil export quota in budget PM Kazemi sent money anyway to get Kurdish support  

2022 Report Sadr won 73 of 329 seats in parliament in 2021 election Wanted majority govt

Jun Sadr ordered MPs to resign Jul stormed and occupied parliament Aug occupied parliament again Sadr challenged idea about Shiite controlled state as he was going to exclude most of the Shiite parties Sadr played upon instability before to achieve his goals where he caused crisis to undermine opponents Sadr hoped KDP and Sunni list would resign with him but didn’t Instead KDP and Sunnis talked with Coordination Framework Sadr pushed reforms to mobilize his base Sadr convinced many he was protest leader which helped him win election After 2018 vote expanded control of state but didn’t help his base High unemployment amongst Sadrists despite control of state and expansion of govt workers meant jobs didn’t keep pace with population growth

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