Saturday, April 23, 2022

This Day In Iraqi History - Apr 23

 

1915 UK Gen Townshend ordered by Mesopotamia cmdr Gen Nixon to take Qurna and Amara

(Musings On Iraq review When God Made Hell, The British Invasion of Mesopotamia and the Creation of Iraq, 1914-1921)

1917 British Samarra Offensive ended in victory over Ottomans British suffered 2,228

casualties Turks 3,700 British began shifting units to Palestine and largely halted campaign in Mesopotamia

1920 Ataturk gave speech demanding Turkey’s southern territories include Mosul and Sulaymaniya

(Musings On Iraq How The Ottoman Province Of Mosul Became Part Of Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq interview with Princeton’s Sara Pursley on Sykes-Picot and creation of Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq review The Creation of Iraq 1914-1921)

(Musings On Iraq review Supremacy And Oil, Iraq, Turkey, and the Anglo-American World Order, 1918-1930)

(Musings On Iraq review Turkey, the US and Iraq)

1941 PM Gaylani asked for German military intervention in case of war with England

(Musings On Iraq interview with Prof Boich World War II In Iraq and Syria)

1941 London decided to land an entire division from India in Basra

(Musings On Iraq review Rashid Ali al-Gailani, The National Movement in Iraq 1939-1941)

(Musings On Iraq review Persian Gulf Command, A History of the Second World War In Iran and Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq 1941, The Battles for Basra, Habbaniya, Fallujah and Baghdad)

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq And Syria 1941, The Politics and Strategy of the Second World War)

1948 Kirkuk oil workers protested against Anglo-Iraq Treaty

(Musings On Iraq review Modern History of Iraq)

1980 Ayatollah Khomeini radio broadcast called for rank and file Iraqi soldiers to overthrow Baath

1981 Iran began attack to retake Qasr e-Shirin central front

1986 Iran Op Al Fajr 9 in Kurdistan Overran Rawanduz Included KDP

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Anthony Tucker-Jones on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq interview with author Tom Cooper on Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review Iran-Iraq War, The Lion of Babylon, 1980-1988)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War)

(Musings On Iraq review The Longest War, The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 1: The Battle for Khuzestan, September 1980-May 1982)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 2: Iran Strikes back, June 1982-December 1986)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 3: Iraq’s Triumph)

(Musings On Iraq review The Iran-Iraq War Volume 4: The Forgotten Fronts)

1989 Ali Hassan al-Majid’s special powers over northern Iraq for Anfal ended

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Anfal Campaign And The Destruction Of The Kurdish Opposition)

1990 Report Iraq increased arms spending after Iran-Iraq War Largest arms importer in world since 1985

Accounted for 9% of world’s arms purchases

1991 Barzani said that guarantees would be needed for any deal with Baghdad

(Musings On Iraq review The Kurds, A Modern History)

(Musings On Iraq review Kurds of Iraq, Tragedy and Hope)

2001 In response to State Dept asking CIA about coup in Iraq Dep Def Sec Wolfowitz wrote memo

arguing US should give military support to Iraqi rebels to overthrow Saddam

2002 Pentagon memo said UN would hold postwar conference to pick Iraqi leaders like what happened

in Afghanistan Said Iraqi exiles would be put in charge of POW camps for fmr regime members and would take over Iraqi military Said provisional govt would be set up as quickly as possible so US could withdraw

(Musings On Iraq review Leap of Faith, Hubris Negligence, and America’s Greatest Foreign Policy

Tragedy)

2003 Iraq oil started flowing for fist time since US invasion Iraq shut down oil flow Mar 20

(Musings On Iraq Review Iraq and the Politics of Oil, An Insider’s Perspective)

2003 USAID official told Nightline rebuilding Iraq could cost US $1.7 bil and Iraqi oil and donors would

pay for rest

(Musings On Iraq Special Inspector General For Iraq Reconstruction Hard Lessons Chapter 4 Staging in Kuwait)

2003 ORHA head Garner came up with list of 9 objectives to accomplish for postwar Iraq including

paying salaries return police and ministries etc

(Musings On Iraq review Iraq and Back, Inside The War To Win The Peace)

(Musings On Iraq review Leap of Faith, Hubris Negligence, and America’s Greatest Foreign Policy

Tragedy)

2003 White House said confident Iraq’s WMD would be found

2003 NYTimes article Iraqi scientists told US Iraq destroyed all its WMD equipment before invasion US

now looking for programs rather than WMD stocks Said US would be getting info on Iraq’s WMD from Chalabi and INC Was false

2003 Up to 3 mil participated in Arbaeen ceremony that had been banned under Saddam

2003 Protest in Kut Wasit blocked US convoy for 4 hours

(Musings On Iraq Early Report On Iran’s Activities In Iraq)

2003 Report thousands of Arabs were being evicted from Kirkuk by Kurds and forming militias to

protect themselves

(Musings On Iraq interview with Petit of 173rd Airborne Bgd on operations in Kirkuk)

(Musings On Iraq How Did Kirkuk Become Such A Divisive Issue? A Portrait of The City In

2003)

2003 1st US troops arrived in Fallujah 2 weeks after end of invasion

(Musings On Iraq review The Battle for Fallujah, Occupation, Resistance and Stalemate in the War in Iraq)

2004 Bremer TV speech said CPA had made mistakes Welcomed back ex-soldiers into army Said

complaints about deBaathification were legitimate 1000s of teachers would be brought back to work US streamlining how it dealt with prisoners Coalition would provide security Warned that if insurgents didn’t surrender heavy weapons in Fallujah would be attacked

(Musings On Iraq review My Year in Iraq, The Struggle to Build a Future of Hope)

(Musings On Iraq review The Occupation of Iraq, Winning The War, Losing The Peace)

2004 Bush claimed most of Fallujah was returning to normal City was under insurgent control with

fighting around perimeter

2004 PM Blair and foreign policy adv Manning told Bush and Natl Sec Adv Rice to delay another attack

upon Fallujah

(Musings On Iraq Review The Report of the Iraq Inquiry, Executive Summary)

2004 US Cmdr in Iraq Gen Sanchez ordered investigation into military intel practices due to Abu Ghraib

prison scandal

2005 UN Sec Gen Annan blamed US and UK for Iraq smuggling under Oil For Food program in 90s

rather than UN

2007 Report KRG started nationwide ad campaign in US to promote Kurdistan as the “Other Iraq”

2008 Female suicide bomber attacked police station in Diyala killing 18

(Musings On Iraq The Rise of Female Suicide Bombers)

(Musings On Iraq Motivations Behind Female Suicide Bombers)

(Musings On Iraq review Suicide Bombers In Iraq, The Strategy and Ideology of Martyrdom)

2009 KRG Premier Barzani criticized Hadbaa party for monopolizing all the seats

            on Ninewa council Gov Nujafi responded by saying Kurds were making situation worse

(Musings On Iraq Tit For Tat In Ninewa)

(Musings On Iraq Arab-Kurdish Divide Over New Ninewa Provincial Council)

(Musings On Iraq Ninewa Struggles Between Arabs and Kurds Continue)

(Musings On Iraq Troubles Continue In Ninewa Over Results Of Provincial Elections)

2009 Iraq claimed it captured IS leader Abu Omar Baghdadi Didn’t happen Coincided with new

wave of bombings in Baghdad Might have been PM Maliki’s attempt to claim his govt was doing something about new violence

(Musings On Iraq Baghdad Responds To Renewed Violence Pt. 1: Al Qaeda’s Prince Arrested Or An Imposter?)

(Musings On Iraq on false story of arresting Baghdadi)

(Musings On Iraq interview with Naval War College’s Prof Whiteside on ISI leader Abu Omar al-Baghdadi)

2009 AP est that 110,600 Iraqis died since 2003 invasion Said actual numbers might be 10-20%

higher 59,957 were killed during 2006-07 civil war Iraqi govt had 87,216 deaths since 2005

(Musings On Iraq How Many Have Died In Iraq And By What Means?)

2010 5 car bombs hit Shiite mosques in Baghdad 72 dead

(Musings On Iraq review The ISIS Reader, Milestone Texts of the Islamic State Movement)

2011 Karbala governor said province should think about becoming a federal region due to neglect by

            Baghdad

2011 5,000 protested in Mosul demanding release of prisoners Gov Nujafi rejected appoint of new

provincial police chief Said Ninewa had no say in matter and sent by PM Maliki to suppress protests in Mosul

2011 Sadrists marched in Baghdad against US occupation

2011 Protest inside Sulaymaniya Univ Demanded arrest of security forces who used force against

demonstrations Protester shot on Apr 18 died 10th death since protests started

(Musings On Iraq interview with journalist Wladimir Van Wilgenburg on 2011 KRG protests)

2011 Badr organized march in Baghdad in support of Shiites in Bahrain

2012 Iran tried to work out deal between PM Maliki and Sadr Two signed letter of understanding but

failed Sadr moved into growing critic of Maliki’s rule

(Musings On Iraq The Sadrists’ Double Game: Criticizing Iraq’s Prime Minister, While Supporting Him At The Same Time)

2012 Iraq’s Foreign Ministry called in Turkey’s ambassador Complained about Ankara’s interference in

Iraqi politics Pres Erdogan had criticized PM Maliki

2012 Report When Pres Barzani visited US he told Obama admin not to sell F-16 fighters to Iraq as long

as PM Maliki in office

2012 Oil Min said Iraq would reach 6 mil/bar/day in exports by end of 2013 Didn’t happen

2012 Pres Barzani said PM Maliki not following through with promises to share power

2013 PM Maliki ordered raid on Hawija protest camp run by Naqshibandi Led to over 40 dead 70

wounded Violence spiked afterward Helped mark return of Iraqi insurgency

(Musings On Iraq Raid On Protest Site In Hawija, Iraq Leads To Armed Retaliation)

(Musings On Iraq Hawija The Moment Iraq’s Insurgency Was Reborn)

(Musings On Iraq Iraq’s Resurgent Insurgency Interview With Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi)

2013 Hawija protest site demanded police withdraw from area Said people should fight Safavid govt Said

PM Maliki and army commanders should be tried as war criminals Called on Anbar tribes to support Hawija Blamed US for turning Baghdad into puppet of Iran

2013 Sheikh Saadi 1 of Anbar’s protest leaders said self defense now legitimate for demonstrators after

govt attack upon Hawija

2013 Mohammed Abu Risha called for protesters to arm themselves after ISF attack upon Hawija protest

site Said Baghdad took orders from Iran

2013 Sheikh Sulaiman said Anbar protests would only be happy after govt removed Said tribes should

carry weapons to defend themselves

2013 Clash between protesters and ISF in Ramadi 6 soldiers killed

2013 Fighting broke out between ISF and insurgents in Suleiman Beq Outside Tikrit and in south Kirkuk

2013 British court found maker of fake bomb detectors McCormick guilty of 3 counts of fraud Detectors

had no power source Was originally golf ball finder with stickers on it McCormick employee said he paid millions in bribes to Iraqis at Interior Min to sell detectors Head of Interior’s explosive dept Gen Jabiri jailed for buying devices

2014 PM Maliki ordered Office of Commander in Chief to raise a popular army using militias to help with

security Would start with Defense Brigade Maliki already created out of Asaib Ahl Al-Haq and Kataib Hezbollah

(Musings On Iraq Instrument Of Iran’s Power In Iraq And Syria Kataib Hezbollah)

2014 Dep PM Shahristani said KRG didn’t have right to manage its oil revenues only Baghdad did Said

KRG had not shared any of its oil revenues with Baghdad

2016 Fighting broke out again between Hashd and Turkmen vs Peshmerga and Kurds in

Tuz Kharmato Was fighting in 2015 and 2014 Started when Hashd threw grenade at a peshmerga’s house Peshmerga then attacked middle of town Peshmerga general killed Badr’s Amiri went to Kirkuk and negotiated ceasefire with PUK Fighting continued Kataib Hezbollah and Kurdish volunteers went to town

2017 Foreign Min Jaafari asked US representative McGurk for a Marshall Plan effort to rebuild Iraq

after war vs IS

2017 PUK-KDP met over independence referendum PUK said KRG parliament needed to pass

referendum KDP rejected that idea

(Musings On Iraq review The Great Betrayal, How America Abandoned The Kurds And Lost The Middle East)

2017 Chief of Staff of Iranian armed forces said Revolutionary Guard and Islamic resistance groups

in Iraq were a shield protecting Iran Meant pro-Iran Hashd

2019 Report Integrity Commission said  $60 mil stolen by govt officials under Ninewa Gov

Akoub $40 mil came from reconstruction funds for Mosul $6 mil recovered

(Musings On Iraq interview with Special Inspector Gen for Iraq Reconstruction Bowen on corruption in Iraq)

(Musings On Iraq interview with fmr anti-graft official Vincent Foulk on corruption in Iraq)

2021 Iraq signed deal with Total for gas hub and infrastructure Water pumping for oil fields Solar

power plant No details No discussion of finances Didn’t give Total exclusive rights Oil Min originally signed deal with Exxon for water pumping but fell apart because Iraq couldn’t pay for it

2021 Report Kazemi govt tried to shut down all displaced camps in Iraq Had no real plan for those

that couldn’t return home

2021 Human Rights Watch report Said conviction of 3 journalists in KRG in Feb for organizing

illegal protests flawed 2 held without sufficient evidence KRG PM Barzani accused them of being spies and saboteurs before trial

2021 9 new political parties met in Babil to talk about elections and forming coalition to represent

protests 1 was Imtidad that would win seats in parliament Banned Communists for being part of establishment

View the Iraq History Timelines 

No comments:

Review Return To Ruin, Iraqi Narratives of Exile and Nostalgia

Saleh, Zainab, Return To Ruin, Iraqi Narratives of Exile and Nostalgia , Stanford University Press: 2021   Return To Ruin, Iraqi Narrati...